Abstract
Selenium is a micronutrient that is important for the proper functioning of the body. The research presented in this paper investigated the impact of various methods of selenium fertilization at various stages of plant growth on its content in grain and the quality properties of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Selenium fertilization did not affect the grain yield; however, it increased the selenium content in the grain. The research results showed that the accumulation of Se depends not only on the dose of the fertilizer but also on the stage of plant growth when the element is introduced. The most effective method of fertilization proved to be seed treatment and soil application combined with the foliar application at the tillering and stem elongation stages (G + S + F1-2), as well as at the stem elongation stage alone (G + S + F2). In terms of quality characteristics, the impact of selenium fertilization was observed only in the case of the falling number and the total protein content; all the parameters allowed for the grain to be classified as suitable for bread-making. Selenium fertilization can be considered as a safe way of increasing the Se content in spring wheat, which may contribute to an increase in the technological quality of the grain and its nutritional value.
Highlights
For several decades, the global food economy has been facing serious problems related to an insufficient supply of micronutrients in the diets of billions of people
There were significant differences in the tillering and stem elongation stages (G + S + F1-2) and in the case of soil application combined with the foliar application at the stem elongation stage (S + F2)
In the control sample (C), the falling number was 255.3 s, while for grain treated with selenium fertilization, it ranged from 247.0 s for seed treatment combined with the foliar application at the stage of stem elongation (G + F2) to 294.7 s for seed treatment and soil application combined with the foliar application at the stage of tillering, stem elongation, inflorescence emergence and ripening (G + S + F1-4)
Summary
The global food economy has been facing serious problems related to an insufficient supply of micronutrients in the diets of billions of people. Common mineral and trace element deficiencies include iron, zinc, manganese, calcium, copper, iodine and selenium deficiencies This problem is likely due to the fact that in recent years, production has been mainly focused on maximising yield [1]. Selenium has been found to be an essential component of over thirty mammalian enzymes [8] It contributes to the reduction in cancer incidence [9]. Long-term low selenium concentration in the blood results in health deterioration and, in extreme cases, even serious disease For this reason, selenium deficiency is a serious global issue that needs to be addressed
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