The Impact of Robot Role and Personality on Participants’ Perception of the Robot in a Human–Robot Teaching Task

Purpose– Followee recommendation is a problem rapidly gaining importance in Twitter as well as in other micro-blogging communities. To find interesting users to follow, most recommendation systems leverage different factors such as graph topology or user-generated content, among others. Those systems mostly disregard, however, the effect of psychological characteristics, such as personality, over the followee selection process. As personality is considered one of the primary factors that influence human behaviour, the purpose of this paper is to shed some light on the impact of personality traits on followee selection.Design/methodology/approach– The authors performed a data analysis comparing the similarity among Twitter users and their followees regarding personality traits. The authors analysed three different similarity measures. First, the authors computed an overall similarity considering the five personality traits or dimensions of the Five-Factor model as a whole. Second, the authors computed the dimension-to-dimension similarity considering each individual personality trait independently of each other. Third, the authors computed a cross-dimension similarity considering each personality dimension in relation to the others.Findings– This study showed that personality should be considered as a distinctive factor in the process of followee selection. However, personality dimensions should not be analysed as a whole as the overall personality similarity might not accurately assess the actual matching between individuals. Instead, the performed data analysis showed the existence of relations among the individual dimensions. Thus, the importance of considering each personality trait with respect to others is stated.Originality/value– This study is among the firsts to study the impact of personality, one of the primary factors that influence human behaviour and social relationships, in the selection of followees in micro-blogging communities.

The aim of this article is to examine whether core personality traits are associated with opinions on and engagement in political participation of either participatory or deliberative nature. The Finish National Election Survey 2015 is used to explore the link between the Big Five personality dimensions and a wide array of political opinions and behaviour. The results suggest that variations in personality to some extent affect what kind of activities one prefers and engages in. Personality traits seem to better predict actual engagement in participatory and deliberative activities rather than having favorable opinions about them. This suggests that there is a difference between being positive about an activity in principle and actually engaging in it. Extraversion and Openness are positively linked to engagement in both participatory and deliberative activities, while Agreeableness and Emotional stability are negatively related. There are stronger effects of personality traits in predicting opinions on and engagement in deliberative activities than for participatory activities. The traits associated with deliberation differ from traits associated with preferring more traditional forms of politics. Thus, the results clearly suggest that the impact of personality on participation should not be neglected.

PurposeResearch on economic entrepreneurship identifies a gender gap that is favorable to men. In the social entrepreneurship arena, the existing evidence is slightly fuzzy, as this gender gap is less preeminent. This paper aims to identify how gender differences in social entrepreneurial ventures creation are explained by different personality traits, by analyzing the extent to which female and male social entrepreneurs exhibit the same personality traits and whether potential differences are able to explain the differences in predisposition for the creation of new social entrepreneurial ventures.Design/methodology/approachA review of the literature on gender differences and personality traits in social entrepreneurship details the main theoretical developments and builds the hypotheses. Based on the Big Five model, the investigation uses a hypothesis testing quantitative approach. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire that was e-mailed and applied to the social entrepreneurs engaged in the creation of social ventures in Portugal.FindingsThe data gathered suggest that both female and male social entrepreneurs have personalities characterized by high levels of openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion and emotional stability. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) between the two groups and logistic regression, the investigation reveals that women and men who launch a new social venture only differ in one personality dimension – agreeableness – wherein women scored more highly. No significant differences are found in the other personality traits.Research limitations/implicationsThe research assumes that most aspects of human personality structure are represented in the Big Five model.Practical implicationsThe knowledge about whether gender differences are explained by different personality traits is critical to public entities that might design appropriate public policies to stimulate social entrepreneurship. Also, social entrepreneurs’ capacity building programs should be delineated in accordance with a deeper understanding about gender and personality traits differences.Social implicationsThe knowledge of the factors that affects the creation of new social ventures has an important potential contribution on social value creation and the promotion of gender equality.Originality/valueThis paper links two important topics – gender and entrepreneurs’ personality traits – scarcely explored in the social entrepreneurship literature. Thus, the paper adds new empirical evidence to support (or not) the belief that personality and gender matter in the decision to launch a new social venture.

The Effect of Big Five Personality Traits on Leader Member Exchange and Organization Citizenship Behavior in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Universities

There are approximately 2 million adoptive parents in the United States and some struggle with depressive symptoms postplacement. We know little about personality traits that may be associated with depression in adoptive parents. This study describes the relationships between personality traits, unmet expectations, and maternal postadoption depression. Adoptive mothers (N = 136) were surveyed for depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Analyses included correlations and a regression analysis between depressive symptoms and unmet expectations with the Five-Factor Model personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience) as measured by the Ten-Item Personality Inventory. Both the CES-D and EPDS were significantly, negatively correlated with all five personality dimensions. Mothers whose expectations of themselves as parents matched pre- and postplacement were more likely to be emotionally stable and extraverted. Approximately 36% of the variance in depressive symptoms was explained by personality traits (emotional stability: p < .0001). The postadoption period is a crucial time of transition for mothers and their children. Maternal emotional stability, depressive symptoms, and unmet expectations may affect this period. Mothers who are lower in emotional stability may be at risk for postadoptive depressive symptoms. In planning and providing innovative care that promotes positive mother-child relationships, nurses should assess adoptive mothers for depressive symptoms, emotional stability, and unmet expectations.

This study explores the nexus between personality traits and work-life balance, with a focus on the intermediary role of work-family conflict. The research, quantitative in nature, employs a correlational design, using instruments such as the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and Work and Family Conflict Scales (WAFCS) to assess a sample of 200 salespersons in Gujranwala, Pakistan. Key personality traits examined include extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. Results reveal a significant negative correlation between several personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and work-family conflict, and a positive correlation between extraversion and emotional stability with work-life balance. Openness to experience, however, does not significantly predict work-life balance outcomes. Work-family conflict is found to have a substantial negative impact on work-life balance and serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between certain personality traits and work-life balance. The study underscores the critical influence of personality traits on the work-life balance equation and the mediating role of work-family conflict. It suggests that a better understanding of these relationships can aid organizations in tailoring interventions and support systems to individual employee needs, enhancing both personal well-being and organizational productivity. study's implications extend to the realm of human resource policies and practices, emphasizing the importance of considering personality dimensions in work-life balance initiatives. However, the research's correlational nature and its focus on a specific professional group in a singular geographic locale highlight the need for further, more diverse studies to broaden the generalizability of these findings.

Aims: While personality traits are known to influence values, beliefs, and professional preferences, limited research has explored their impact on attitudes toward psychiatry, particularly in Middle Eastern contexts and among non-medical students. Personality traits also influence perceptions of mental illness among individuals, helping to understand the basis of societal mental health stigma. Understanding the relationship between personality traits and attitudes toward psychiatry is crucial for developing educational strategies that support positive perceptions, ultimately enhancing healthcare outcomes for individuals living with mental illnesses.Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design to evaluate how personality dimensions correlate with perceptions of psychiatry in a sample of 503 students, including 377 medical and 126 psychology students from three major universities in the United Arab Emirates. Attitudes toward psychiatry were assessed using the Attitudes Towards Psychiatry (ATP-30) scale, and personality traits were evaluated using the Big Five Inventory. Spearman’s rank correlation was employed to analyse the relationships between ATP scores and personality dimensions: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience.Results: Significant positive correlations were found between ATP-30 scores and four personality traits: extraversion (r=0.11, p=0.01), agreeableness (r=0.22, p&lt;0.001), conscientiousness (r=0.10, p=0.03), and openness (r=0.28, p&lt;0.001). Emotional stability did not exhibit a significant correlation (r=−0.03, p=0.58). Medical students demonstrated similar patterns, with openness (r=0.26, p&lt;0.001) and agreeableness (r=0.20, p&lt;0.001) being the strongest predictors. Among psychology students, only agreeableness (r=0.21, p=0.02) and openness (r=0.30, p&lt;0.001) showed significant associations.Conclusion: These findings underscore the influence of personality traits – particularly agreeableness and openness – on attitudes toward psychiatry. They highlight the need for tailored educational approaches to promote positive perceptions of psychiatry, with implications for improving both training outcomes and therapeutic relationships.

Background: Diverse perspectives have been documented regarding the attributes of outstanding university faculty members. It is crucial to consider the evolving demands and expectations of students at the University of Medical Sciences, which change with age and educational stages. Extracting students' opinions and expectations can yield valuable insights into the attributes required of faculty members in academic institutions. Objectives: This study aimed to identify health professions students’ perceptions of the attributes of a good faculty member. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using a conventional content analysis approach. The participants in this study were health professions students (medicine, nursing, midwifery, laboratory sciences, operating room technology, anesthesia, prehospital emergency, pharmacy, dentistry, and health) at Alborz University of Medical Sciences, who were purposefully selected. Study data were gathered by conducting in-depth, face-to-face, and semi-structured personal interviews with 23 students, as well as a group interview with seven students. The data analysis followed the conventional content analysis approach, using the steps proposed by Lundman and Granheim. Results: Study participants’ perceptions of good faculty attributes fell into two main categories: Personality attributes and professional attributes. Personality attributes included appearance and personality traits. Professional attributes encompassed scientific and scholarly qualities, as well as teaching skills. Conclusions: Our findings reveal that study participants placed significant emphasis on both personality and professional attributes when defining good faculty characteristics. Sub-categories such as appearance, personality traits, scientific expertise, and teaching skills emerged as important factors shaping student perceptions of faculty members. This underscores the multifaceted nature of what constitutes an effective faculty member in students' eyes and highlights the importance of cultivating a diverse range of attributes within academia. Future research could delve deeper into each sub-category to refine our understanding of what truly defines effective faculty members.

The determination of this study is to scrutinise the influence of gender on a variety of personality dimensions, including “decisiveness, responsibility, emotional stability, masculinity, sociability, heterosexuality, egostrength, curiosity, dominance, and assertiveness”. On the numerous personality dimensions, it was hypothesized that male and female student scores would not differ significantly. The sample included 150 male and 100 female students randomly selected from Patna, Bihar, colleges. The Differential Personality Scale (Sinha &amp; Singh, 1979) and the Assertiveness Scale (Lakshmi, 1993) were employed for this purpose. According to the findings, male and female students scored substantially differently on the decisiveness, sociability, heterosexuality, and assertiveness personality dimensions. However, there were no significant differences in the personality dimensions of responsibility, emotional stability, masculinity, ego-strength, curiosity, and dominance

Influence of childhood adhd history on personality traits of pathological gamblers

Association between personality and adolescent smoking

Leadership study has been of great interest for centuries now. Many path breaking discoveries have shaped the modern understanding of leadership. Of all the studies, one study that has gained considerable traction is the Big five personality dimensions that talks about the five personality traits which are openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and emotional stability, as the primary leadership traits that fall in a continuum amongst leaders to various degrees. This paper explores these big five personality dimensions through the leadership traits found in Śrī Rāma in the Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa. When analysed in this light, the character traits of Śrī Rāma exhibit the qualities that great leaders have. This paper explores each of the qualities of Śrī Rāma in great detail and applies each of them to the big five personality dimension, thus bringing a unique blend of understanding the subject of leadership by juxtaposing a modern understanding of leadership with an ancient understanding of leadership. Thus, the attempt is to bring richness and refinement to the understanding of leadership and a deeper understanding of the study of the big five personality dimensions. The attempt is also to bring to light the importance of analysing sources of knowledge like the Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa in the leadership discussion.

Fatigue: relationships with basic personality and temperament dimensions

ISEE-838 Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate, in young subjects, the relationships between risky driver behavior and personality factors. Another aim was to assess the neuroendocrine correlates of personality and behavioral factors. Materials and Methods: We recruited 68 students (32 men and 36 women), after having obtained their informed consent. The subjects completed the following self-report questionnaires: the Big five Questionnaire, designed to evaluate the “Big Five” personality traits, the Sensation Seeking Scale, and the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire that evaluates driving behavior by frequency of lapses, errors, and violations. In urine samples collected from 8 am to 11 am we measured adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin levels using a HPLC system with an ESA detector. Results: Both lapses and errors were negatively related with emotional stability. The number of violations of highway code resulted positively related with extroversion and sensation seeking scores. Negative associations of violations with conscientiousness and cooperativity were observed. Regarding the relationship between driving behavior, personality traits, and neuroendocrine parameters, positive relations between violations and dopamine levels, and between driving errors and serotonine levels were observed. The stepwise regression analyses performed using psychological and biochemical measures as predictors and behavioral measures as dependent variables showed conscientiousness and dopamine levels as the main predictors of highway code violations. Only emotional stability remained significant in the final model, including lapses as dependent variable, whereas emotional stability and serotonin levels resulted predictors of errors. Conclusions: Our results, in agreement with previous researches, give further support to the role played by personality dimensions on unsafe driving, and improve the knowledge of the different risky driving behaviors. The interesting findings concerning the neuroendocrine correlates of driving behavior contribute to a better understanding of the biological bases of risky behaviors, including unsafe driving.

Animal personality