The impact of renewable energy consumption on export performance in Uzbekistan: A vector autoregression approach

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of renewable energy consumption and non-renewable energy consumption on industrial growth in India using time-series data from 1991 to 2021. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used a systematic approach comprising unit root tests to evaluate the stationarity of the variables, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag bound test to assess how both types of energy contribute to industrial sector development and an error correction model to identify short-term adjustments toward long-term equilibrium. Diagnostic tests are adopted to assess the model’s robustness and model stability and the Granger causality test is used to determine the direction of causation between energy consumption and industrial growth. Findings The findings reveal that both renewable energy consumption and non-renewable energy consumption support industrial growth but fossil fuels have a greater impact. Meanwhile, the study discovers unidirectional causality running from energy consumption to industrialization. Research limitations/implications The findings suggest that India should make greater use of renewable energy. The country should invest in renewable energy storage and infrastructure and implement energy efficiency standards to expedite the move toward renewable energy. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are lack of studies that have observed the impact of renewable energy and non-renewable energy consumption together on industrial growth in the Indian context.

This study investigates the impacts of income, (renewable and non-renewable) energy consumption, trade, and financial development on carbon dioxide emissions in Turkey for the 1965-2015 period by employing thenon-linear autoregressive distributed lag method. Results show that non-renewable and renewable energy consumption, and trade openness have asymmetric impacts on pollution in long-run, while only renewable energy consumption has asymmetric impact on emissions in short-run. Results further reveal that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is not valid in Turkey. Moreover, both financial development and trade positively affect emissions. Additionally, in long-run, positive shocks in renewable and non-renewable energy consumption increase emissions, but the impact of renewable energy consumption is infinitesimally small compared to the impact of non-renewable energy consumption. However, negative shocks in renewable energy consumption increase emissions, whereas negative developments in non-renewable energy consumption decrease emissions. Further, in short-run, positive developments in renewable energy consumptiondecrease emissions, and negative developments in non-renewable energy consumption have the same influence on emissions. In accordance with the findings, some policy suggestions are proposed.

The recent global recession due to Covid-19 has led to a drop in natural resource prices, which has contracted energy demand. Amid this concern, environmentally sustainable renewable energy projects have become uncompetitive and an obstacle to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Following the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model proposed by Shin et al. (2014), to asymmetrically explore the impact of green bonds on renewable energy investment and environmental pollution and the impact of renewable energy consumption on environmental degradation in China over the period 1970–2020.​ The results show that the expansion of green bonds (GB+) significantly promotes renewable energy investment and reduces environmental pollution, while the contraction of green bonds (GB−) significantly reduces renewable energy investment and stimulates environmental damage. Likewise, expansion of renewable energy consumption (REC+) significantly reduced environmental degradation, while contraction of renewable energy consumption (REC−) significantly contributed to environmental degradation. Moreover, the result also validates the existence of inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis in China The VECM Granger causality test indicate that renewable energy investment, green finance, renewable energy consumption, CO2 emission, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) have long term causality. Chinese policymakers must focus on strengthening green finance, which will encourage renewable energy investment and renewable energy generation. Moreover, renewable electricity output greatly facilitates renewable energy investment, so China must innovate policies to take into account renewable electricity rather than fossil fuel generation in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The effect of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on economic growth: Non-parametric evidence

Renewable energy production and consumption has a triggering effect on the components associated with the energy sector. This study aims to analyze the effects of renewable energy generation and consumption on economic growth in Türkiye for the period 1990-2020 based on annual data. For the analyses in the study, the vector autoregression model (VAR) and Johansen cointegration test, vector error correction, and Granger causality are used for the data of renewable energy consumption (REC, percentage of total final energy consumption), renewable electricity generation (REG, per capita electricity generation from renewables), and economic growth (GDP constant 2010 US$). According to the findings from the study, no causality was found from production to gross domestic product from renewable energy consumption in the short run, but causality from renewable energy consumption to gross domestic product was found. In the long run, it can be said that renewable energy consumption is not the cause of gross domestic product, but gross product is the cause of renewable energy consumption.

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of both renewable and fossil fuel energy consumption on total factor productivity in G20 countries by using fixed effects with Driscoll and Kraay standard errors approach. Analysis results suggest that renewable energy consumption has a positive impact on total factor productivity in the long run. Accordingly, an increase in renewable energy consumption increases the total factor productivity by about 0.007 percent in the long run. Although the coefficient of fossil fuel energy consumption is positive, it is statistically insignificant. In this study, labor force and capital are included in model as control variables. While capital formation increases total factor productivity in the long run, total labor force decreases it. The results highlight the necessity of including renewable energy consumption and capital accumulation in possible policies to increase total factor productivity. Moreover, revising energy consumption policies to encourage renewable sources may be one of the priorities of policymakers to increase the positive impact of renewable energy consumption.

Considering the limited resources of fossil energy and the problems caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, it is necessary to pay more attention to renewable energies, because in this way, the goals of sustainable development can be achieved. The importance of renewable energies in sustainable development, reducing greenhouse gases and increasing energy security on the one hand, and the need for financial resources and large investments for renewable energy projects on the other hand, doubles the role and importance of financial development in the development of renewable energies. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study examines the impact of the development of modern facilities and renewable energy technology. In this study, dynamic interactions in the Sustainable-Energy-Energy Development Pattern of carbon dioxide are investigated using the Bayesian Vector Auto Regression (BVAR) method. One of the most important indicators for evaluating sustainable development is the modified pure arrangement (GS). For this purpose, this index was used as a sustainable development index. The results indicate that the effect of positive impulse on renewable and renewable energy consumption on sustainable development in Uganda is positive. In addition, the positive shock of renewable and renewable energy consumption increases the emissions of carbon dioxide pollutants to a different extent. In addition, the effect of the growth of sustainable development index on renewable energy consumption and renewal energy consumption is (CO2) negative. The research results show that based on the RMSE criterion, the former SSVS-Full function was used to investigate the impact of renewable energy consumption on sustainable development and the independent Normal-Wish art function was used. Therefore, in this research, the dynamic relationships between sustainable development, energy consumption (separately from renewable and non-renewable energy) and CO2 emissions are investigated.

In pursuit of achieving developed country status by 2041, Bangladesh is committed to comprehensive socioeconomic development—a goal intrinsically tied to the critical task of securing a reliable, uninterrupted energy supply while optimizing utilization of available energy sources. This study used 1980–2018 annual data to examine the implications of energy transition and causal relationships among economic growth, renewable energy, and natural gas consumption in Bangladesh. A rigorous two-step process investigated the causal correlations among variables. The autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) model was used to scrutinize long-term relationships, while a vector error correction (VEC) model was used to ascertain the directionality of these causal relationships. The outcomes of the bound tests conclusively revealed the presence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables. Causality analyses indicated a unidirectional causal relationship from renewable energy consumption to economic growth in the long run and from natural gas consumption to economic growth in the short run. A bidirectional causal relationship was found between natural gas and renewable energy consumption in the long run. These findings underscore the potential of energy conservation strategies to catalyze economic growth and suggest an avenue for Bangladesh to achieve its ambitious socioeconomic development goals.

Renewable energy serves as an effective alternative to traditional fossil fuels, reducing reliance on energy imports from specific countries, thereby alleviating geopolitical risks and ensuring national energy security. The development and utilization of renewable energy have profound implications for the global energy consumption structure and geopolitical landscape. This paper utilizes time-series and panel data from 1990 to 2020 to examine the causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and geopolitical risks. Focusing primarily on the United States and the United Kingdom, a multivariate regression model was developed for empirical analysis, with a comparative analysis conducted against other Group of Seven (G7) member countries. Subsequent robustness checks were performed to further validate the model's robustness. Additionally, this study explores the role of military strength as a moderating variable in the relationship between renewable energy and geopolitics. Lastly, a vector autoregression model was constructed to analyze the dynamic relationships between renewable energy and related variables. The findings reveal that (1) consumption of clean renewable energies, such as solar, wind, and tidal energy, significantly reduces geopolitical risks in the United States and the United Kingdom, with differing empirical results for France, Canada, and Japan, interpreted according to their developmental contexts and (2) increased defense expenditure in the US and the UK significantly enhances the positive impact of renewable energy consumption on mitigating geopolitical risks. Utilizing renewable energy not only diversifies national energy options but also reduces reliance on fossil fuels and fosters international cooperation, thereby easing geopolitical tensions. This research enriches the literature on the relationship between renewable energy consumption and national energy security in key global nations and offers theoretical insights for the formulation and implementation of national energy development strategies in the new world development paradigm.

The impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth in Nigeria is aimed at establishing the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in Nigeria. The oil price volatility in the international oil market in the last decade has led to a substantial rise in the demand for renewable energy sources. Nevertheless, the provision of energy needed for growth and at the same time mitigating against its hazardous effects on the environment is a major world problem. The paper used secondary data from the World Bank data bank from 1990 to 2020 for its analysis. It used Toda-Yamamoto augmented granger causality test to test for the nature of the relationship between the two variables and Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test to examine the impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth. The study found a bi-directional relationship between the variables. The regression results also showed a significant positive impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth. The work concluded that renewable energy consumption enhances economic growth in Nigeria. It therefore recommends that the government should encourage investments in the renewable energy sector by providing a conducive business environment and also create awareness on the importance of the use of renewable energy in the country.

Investigating the potential of renewable energy in establishing global peace: Fresh evidence from top energy consumer countries

The impact of renewable energy consumption and energy poverty on pollution in Central and Eastern European countries

Renewable energy plays a crucial role in increasing economic growth while reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The aim of this study is to examine the interaction between renewable energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions for selected Middle East and North Africa countries. For this aim, panel vector autoregression approach are used in the study. 
 The annual data used in this study cover the period from 1988 to 2010 for Middle East and North Africa countries. Firstly, second generation unit root test are used to investigate stationarity properties of the variables and second generation panel cointegration test is applied to the data under consideration because of the cross-sectional dependence. Then a panel causality approach is proposed to examine the causal relationship between the variables. Finally, panel vector autoregression model, impulse-response and variance decomposition analysis are applied using generalized moment methods. 
 The finding of this study shows that there is a bi-directional causality between growth and renewable energy consumption, which is consistent with the feedback hypothesis in terms of the energy consumption-growth nexus. It is found the evidence of unidirectional causality from carbon dioxide emissions to renewable energy consumption and from growth to carbon dioxide emissions. It is also found that the responses of growth to a shock of energy consumption are positive and the impact of renewable energy consumption on carbon dioxide emissions is negative.

Global warming is mainly influenced by factors such as energy consumption, human development, and economic activities, but there is no consensus among researchers and there is relatively little research literature on less developed countries. Therefore, this study attempts to explore the impact of renewable energy consumption, human development and economic growth on climate change from a macroeconomic perspective for 105 countries worldwide over the period 1990–2019 by constructing a panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model and using generalized method of moments (GMM) and panel impulse response analysis. The analysis includes four panels of high-income, upper-middle-income, lower-middle-income, and low-income countries. The results of the study find that economic growth, FDI, trade openness, industrialization, renewable energy consumption and HDI have different impacts on climate change (CO2 emissions) in different regions during the sample period. Specifically, in the four panels, economic growth, industrialization, FDI, and trade openness all play a varied role in aggravating environmental pollution (CO2 emissions). In high-income and upper-middle-income countries, industrialization has a positive effect on CO2 emissions, while FDI has a negative impact, which supports the pollution halo hypothesis. However, both have a positive impact on CO2 emissions in lower-middle-income and low-income countries. The results also found that except for upper-middle-income countries, trade openness and renewable energy consumption help reduce CO2 emissions, while renewable energy consumption has little effect on suppressing CO2 emissions in low-income countries. In addition, HDI has promoted CO2 emissions in upper-middle-income and lower-middle-income countries, but has curbed CO2 emissions in high-income countries. Therefore, under the premise of not affecting economic growth and HDI, those empirical results will not only help decision-makers formulate appropriate renewable energy policies, but also are of great significance to the realization of a healthy and sustainable global environment.

This study investigates forest resilience in the face of intensifying energy competition and ecological pressures in MINT countries (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey) from 1990 to 2024. Energy competition is represented by renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, while ecological pressures are assessed through environmental degradation, green economic growth, and population density. Using a Vector Autoregression (VAR) approach, all variables are treated as endogenous to capture dynamic feedback relationships. Stationarity tests confirm that most variables are first- difference stationary without long-run cointegration. Granger causality analysis reveals bidirectional relationships between forest area (FA) and non-renewable energy consumption, and between environmental degradation and population density. Unidirectional causality is also found from renewable energy consumption, environmental degradation, and green economic growth to FA; from environmental degradation to renewable energy consumption; and from FA and non-renewable energy consumption to population density. Impulse response and variance decomposition results suggest that non-renewable energy consumption and ecological, such as environmental degradation and population density have a negative impact on FA, whereas renewable energy consumption and green economic growth contribute positively. The findings highlight the urgent need to integrate energy, environmental, and development policies to support forest sustainability amid growing global energy demands and ecological stress.