Abstract
Background: UTI is a common infection in children. Its highest prevalence takes place during infancy and toilet training period in which most infants use diaper. However, the impact of diaper use on UTI in children has been conflicting. Objective: To determine the correlation between duration of superabsorbent diaper usage with incidence of UTI in children. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study from August-September 2011. We recruited children who used diaper every day, went to play group or posyandu (community health care centres) at Yogyakarta City. Subjects were divided into 2 groups. We compared the incidence of UTI among children who used a diaper > 4 hours per day (group I) and those who used a diaper ≤ 4 hours per day (group II). Results: There were 180 children included in this study. Out of 90 children in group I, 26 (28.9%) had UTI whereas 9 (10%) of 90 children from group II had UTI. Multivariate analysis showed that UTI was significantly higher in children who used diaper > 4 hours per day compared to children who used diaper ≤ 4 hours per day (OR 3.65; 95%CI 1.60-8.35). The Mantel Haenszel analysis showed that the risk ratio for girls was 3.13 (95%CI 1.50-6.55) and boys was 1.56 (95%CI 0.27-8.94), use of diaper in girls > 4 hours per day therefore increased the risk of UTI. Conclusions: The use of superabsorbent diaper > 4 hours per day increased the risk of UTI 365 times compared with the use of ≤ 4 hours per day. Girls who used diaper > 4 hours per day in girls significantly increased the risk UTI
Highlights
IntroductionIts prevalence is 3-5% in girls and 1% in boys up to 5 years of age and the highest prevalence takes place during infancy and the toilet training period [1,2]
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a serious and common infection in children
The use of superabsorbent diaper > 4 hours per day increased the risk of UTI 365 times compared with the use of ≤ 4 hours per day
Summary
Its prevalence is 3-5% in girls and 1% in boys up to 5 years of age and the highest prevalence takes place during infancy and the toilet training period [1,2]. Previous studies indicated that the impact of superabsorbent diaper on urinary tract infection has been conflicting [4,5,6]. Fahimzad et al reported that superabsorbent diaper was a risk factor of urinary tract infection as compared to standard type. Prior study by Nuutinen et al indicated that superabsorbent diaper did not increase UTIs in children as compared to standard type diaper and cloth diaper [5]. Its highest prevalence takes place during infancy and toilet training period in which most infants use diaper. The impact of diaper use on UTI in children has been conflicting
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