Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of a global pandemic, Coronavirus (COVID-19), on travel behavior by integrating crisis management with other behavior variables. Online surveys via the Amazon Mechanical Turk website were used for data collection. A total of 1978 responses were collected from 19 countries (September, 2020); 1607 valid cases were undertaken for the data analysis. The results suggest that crisis management intervention was the most influential factor impacting travel behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-pharmaceutical interventions followed as the second most influencing predictor. . Personal traits were the only variable that recorded a negative relationship with travel behavior. This study has significant practical and theoretical implications since it adopted the extended model of goal-directed behavior while including crisis management intervention, which is a unique approach.  Although attitudes generally strongly influence travel behavior, in a pandemic situation, such relationships weaken. In terms of practical implications, it has become apparent that firms and governments should implement integrated risk management and crisis management strategies. Travelers need to be reassured that these tourist destinations have become safe again. This will likely decrease the risk factor, therefore influencing them to travel to this region. This study contributes to understanding how a global pandemic influences travel behavior It will be invaluable in predicting the early reflections of travelers as the pandemic ends.
Highlights
1.1 Introduce the ProblemFollowing six decades of continued growth, tourism is one of the world's most important and fastest-growing service sector economies – creating jobs, stimulating regional development and supporting local communities (“OECD Tourism Trends and Policies”, 2020)
A PLS path model involves two parts: the measurement model, which defines the relationships between the manifest variables (MVs) and their respective latent variable (LV) ξ_q, and the structural model, which defines the relationships between the LVs
This study investigated the impact of a global pandemic, Coronavirus, on travel behavior by integrating crisis management with attitude, personal traits, perceived behavioral control and non-pharmaceutical interventions
Summary
1.1 Introduce the ProblemFollowing six decades of continued growth, tourism is one of the world's most important and fastest-growing service sector economies – creating jobs, stimulating regional development and supporting local communities (“OECD Tourism Trends and Policies”, 2020). Tourism is not one clear product; it incorporates many industries including Lodging, Transportation, Attractions, Travel Agent's, Tour Groups and local services, i.e., Restaurants, Tour Guides, Dry Cleaning, etc. The local outbreak in Wuhan Province, China, opened the route for a global pandemic of Coronavirus (COVID-19) (Normile, 2020). When looking at records of epidemics prior to H1N1 and Coronavirus, the world population experienced epidemic outbreaks of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) in 2003 and swine flu in 2009. The Coronavirus outbreak was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020 and recognized as a pandemic on 11 March 2020 (Ghebreyesus, 2020). "travel and tourism themselves became the victims" (Wilder-Smith, 2006) due to regulatory restrictions and the crisis psychology of the general population
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