Abstract
The impact of battery electric vehicles (BEV) on energy consumption was researched modeling energy consumption against BEVs, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and e-commerce, using annual data from 2010 to 2020, for twenty-nine European countries, with quantile regression and OLS with fixed effects econometric techniques. It was found that GDP and e-commerce impact energy consumption positively, and BEVs reduce energy consumption. These findings support that efficiency gains could not reduce energy consumption, and e-commerce, via extra packaging, further usage of computer processors, and cryptocurrencies to purchase products are hampering the environment. BEVs were revealed to be more energy-efficient than conventional cars. Thus, energy conservation policies to combat global warming and climate change arise. First, policies should offer an alternative packaging system to lower the negative environmental impacts of additional packaging for online purchases, stimulate smaller packages, free up additional space on the transport, enhance the delivery system efficiency, and promote alternative delivery systems. Second, offering subsidies for purchasing BEVs or tax rebates will increase the adoption rate of electric vehicles and combine this policy with the CO2 emissions’ regulations to stimulate the demand for BEVs. Finally, affordable charging points should be provided and customer awareness of the benefits of BEVs should be improved.
Highlights
The European Environment Agency [1] shows that the transport sector is the most significant contributor to the European Union’s greenhouse gas emissions
The effect of battery electric vehicles (BEV) on energy consumption was explored using a panel of twenty-nine countries from the European region between 2010 and 2020
This empirical study is kick-off regarding the impact of BEVs on energy consumption in econometric and macroeconomic aspects
Summary
The European Environment Agency [1] shows that the transport sector is the most significant contributor to the European Union’s greenhouse gas emissions. As it is already known, several drives exist that increase the consumption of energy, such as economic growth, urbanization, globalization, trade, and transportation, which are widely explored by the literature This investigation opted to study the effect of the transport sector, more precisely the electric cars sector, on energy consumption in the European countries due to the fast growth of this sector in the last ten years. There is a lack of literature that addresses the effect of BEVs on energy consumption using an econometric approach and macroeconomic data and, more precisely, the European countries. This variable was not explored before in the literature This investigation is essential because it will help governments and policymakers develop more initiatives to promote BEVs in the European countries and mechanisms and policies to reduce energy consumption by increasing energy efficiency.
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