Abstract
Freud's theory is among the major theories of counseling and psychotherapy. Freud, like other psychotherapists has his own anthropological views. In Freud's theory, man is an instinctive being. A human being is a system of energy, and this energy is the same as the energy of the "id" or "libido. The goal of life is to reduce the tension and gain pleasure. Most human behaviors originate from the unconscious, and humans do not have free will. From this perspective, the person has no tendency to morality within himself, and consequently ethics will be relative. However, From Shi'a point of view, man is the supreme creature of God and is a creature that has two lives. Human beings have free will, so there is a responsibility. Shi'a believes that man is not morally neutral and generally have a common moral sense and are aware of the ethical principles and the ultimate goal of life and Creation is to reach the nearness to God.
Highlights
Along with the growth of the community and the complexity of its institutions, problems develop, and new things are needed that might not have been felt before
Like other psychologists and psychotherapists influenced by the modern age, has his own ontological, anthropological, epistemological and ethical views
A human being is a system of energy, and this energy is the same as the energy of the "id" or "libido", which in essence belongs to the sexual instinct
Summary
Along with the growth of the community and the complexity of its institutions, problems develop, and new things are needed that might not have been felt before. Since counselors use different theories, including Freud's theory in solutions they offer to people, taking into account the cultural and religious context of the Iranian people and criticizing the ideas causes counseling theories such as Freud’s theory to be more welcomed In this regard, it should be noted that theory does not emerge in void, but its creation is based on a series of historical, social, philosophical and personal principles. We can say that this idea of pleasure seeking is due to this fact that anthropology of Freud is limited in empirical anthropology, and this view restricts pleasure to physical pleasures Those who consider the universe and humans to be equal to matter; explains all the laws governing human behavior in the context of material laws, and they analyze all laws, including mechanical, biological or psychological, based on material attitudes. That is the scientific advancement that many people have achieved, it violates this pleasure seekers claim
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