The House: From Technical Object to Technical Ensemble

The presented review analyzes the approaches and methods of using simulation models in the maintenance and repair organization of the complex technical objects and systems. The development of the concept of "Industry 4.0" and the Internet of things involves the transition from periodic and preventive maintenance to predictive maintenance based on the study of processes during the object operation. It is shown that system models based on Petri nets are convenient for describing and analyzing technological processes and equipment maintenance. The effectiveness of timed stochastic colored Petri nets for virtual tests in the design of maintenance and repair procedures in complex systems is revealed. The use of hierarchical Petri nets allows building complex models that describe interrelated processes. A general model based on a hierarchical network is proposed to study the processes of deterioration and degradation of the technical object aggregates and elements and to form a predictive maintenance strategy. The model includes a Gantt chart of production tasks, a set of active and reserve units, maintenance and repair modules. The examples of simulation models on Petri nets for various technical systems are considered. Solutions for flexible production systems, railway bridges, offshore wind turbines, an aircraft fleet, a group of robotic vehicles, and a complex of computer equipment of an enterprise are given. The models of various maintenance strategies are considered and the generality of the models based on hierarchical Petri nets is shown. The article formulates methodological principles for constructing hierarchical networks to simulate the operation and maintenance of technical systems. The article analyzes known software tools for the implementation of timed stochastic colored Petri nets. The summary concludes that the use of simulation models on Petri nets is promising for organizing maintenance and repair of complex technical objects and systems.

This chapter seeks to further develop, define, and differentiate human-technics alterity relations within postphenomenological philosophy of technology. A central case study of the Alexa digital assistant establishes that digital assistants require the adoption of the intentional stance, and illustrates that this structural requirement is different from anthropomorphic projection of mindedness onto technical objects. Human-technics alterity relations based on projection are then more generally differentiated from human-technics alterity relations based on actual encoded pseudo-mental contents, where there are matters of fact that directly correspond to user conceptualizations of “intentions” or “knowledge” in technical systems or objects. Finally, functions and user benefits to different alterity relations are explored, establishing that there is a meaningful set of cases where the projection of a mind in human-technics alterity relations positively impacts technical functions and user experiences.

The enterprise operating in the social market economy is characterized, the features of enterprise has been listed and life phases of technical objects been presented. The assets of the enterprise are decomposed and following concepts are specified: production system, technical object, objects of technical systems. The problem of features and features structure of the production system is touched. The operating potential influence on other features of the production system is pointed out. The relationship between the features of the production system and the features of the enterprise is pointed out. It is the concept of real value und required value of given feature introduced. It has been shown the need to equalize the values of the real and required measures of the features of production system. The algorithms to equalize the measure at the level of technical systems, technical system objects, object functional units and parts of objects are presented. Described are methods and means of equalizing the measures values of features. To each level is assigned a manner of the implementation of value feature equalization. The problem of feature identification of each level of decomposition of the production system is touched. The role of maintenance in equalizing the features measures values of the production system is indicated. The methodology to objects identity used in the maintenance is characterized. The role of asset management in equalizing of features measures values of production system is described. The need to create a complete and coherent system of features from enterprise level to the level of an object element of the technical system is justified. It was noted that the essence of such a system should be able to designate the features values of one level of decomposition on the bases of features values of the adjacent level of decom-

Sybil is a divinatory technology that offers a critical and playful way of interacting with the mystery generated by technical systems around us. It delivers AI-generated prophecies based on the participants' breathing patterns. By layering two modes of prediction -oracular traditions and machine learning- it invites the extramundane into daily domestic experience. Sybil's design cultivates attention, attunement and physical presence, and invites a ritualization of our interactions with digital assistants. Its aim is to explore relationships with technical objects and systems that are less based on utility and more on playfulness, interpretation, and care. This project is part of a larger project to develop a toolkit for re-enchantment, after Max Weber's description of modernity as the disenchantment of the world.

This study examined the extent to which technical and people systems of lean production affects department performance, the perceptions of department performance and work-related attitudes. A model was developed suggesting that the integration of technical and people systems will predict department performance, perception of department performance and work-related attitudes. Two manufacturing facilities from the automotive supplier industry participated in the study. A survey completed by 533 employees was developed to measure people systems of lean production. A technical systems assessment instrument was used to measure the extent to which the technical systems of lean production had been implemented at the department level. A total of 121 supervisors and superintendents provided survey data regarding perceived department effectiveness attributable to the implementation of lean production. Department performance measures also included uptime by department and shift for an eight-month period. Complete archival data was provided for 26 departments. The study results suggest that people systems predict work-related attitudes and influence perceptions of department performance by employees. Technical systems were strongly related to management perception of department performance. The people systems composite was significantly related to employee perceptions of department performance. The reverse relationship was shown for management perception of department performance.

Human activity not only creates new materials and technologies, changes the nature of natural geochemical processes, which can have a local impact on the biosphere and the processes in it, as V.I. Vernadsky pointed out, but also creates new types of ecosystems—urban ecosystems, where man builds completely new elements and entire systems of biotopes for the existence of their populations, agroecosystems, where through the use of agricultural technology receives the necessary products of a limited number of species of organisms. It also creates techno-ecosystems, where natural elements together with artificial, technical elements create habitats for organisms. The noospherogenesis, in fact, is the formation of a coexisting system of natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. General ecological principles, which to a greater or lesser extent are addressed in the ‘Concept of balanced (sustainable) development of agroecosystems in Ukraine for the period up to 2025,’ as well as proposals for the creation of the ‘Concept of effective and safe operation of techno-ecosystems’ are considered. It is pointed out that the concept of ‘agroecosystem’ should be considered quite broadly, since it can include not only landscapes, but also aquatic environments. Anthropodependent biotic communities include not only agricultural plants, but also a full spectrum of organisms, from bacteria to mammals. It is pointed out that there is a contradiction between the idea of preserving biodiversity in ecosystems and the high productivity of certain significantly dominant populations. It is noted that technical objects do not exist separately from the environment, but create various techno-ecosystems with natural elements, in which there is a close relationship and mutual influence of technical and biotic elements and factors. The environment is also impacted not by technical systems, but by techno-ecosystems. As one of the factors of scientific and practical support of activities in the field of agroecosystems and techno-ecosystems development management, the directions of scientific research in the concept of research development in the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are considered. Some issues of practical use of the provisions of the EU Water Framework Directive are discussed, namely in the aspect of application to aquatic techno-ecosystems. During military operations, the destructive power of anthropogenic factors increases by many times, the importance of different factors shifts, which should be reflected in the general conceptual provisions of the complexes of interrelations between nature and human activity.

Culture plays an important role in commercial as well as public health branding. A cultural grounding approach to branding appeals to the cultural/social elements of the target population and nurtures a relationship with audiences by calling up their own meanings, messages, and identities. The cultural grounding approach was used to develop the keepin' it REAL curriculum, an efficacious, multicultural, substance abuse middle school prevention program. The keepin' it REAL curriculum culturally grounded its branded health promotion messages through narratives and community-based participatory research. Cultural grounding to branding is a method for developing culturally grounded health brand and provides useful insights for health message design centered on social and cultural forces.

DIY Cheese-making and Individuation: Towards a Reconfiguration of Taste in Contemporary Computer Culture

The design of technical systems is a complex process that requires taking into account many technical and engineering aspects. In modern conditions, problems arise in the development of complex technical systems and objects. To improve the quality of the designed systems and their economic feasibility can be achieved thanks to the operating principle model. The correct choice of the fundamental principles of the functioning of a technical system ensures the efficiency and quality of the management decision made. The principle of operation of a complex technical system is a sequence of actions that are based on certain physical effects that are necessary for the functioning of the system. When searching for optimal design solutions, it is necessary to consider various options for operating principles. Using a variety of physical effects, you can create different versions of the operating principles of complex technical systems and objects. One of the most famous methods for finding solutions is the morphological box method. The paper examines various ways to formalize the morphological box method and draws conclusions about the features of its application. The operating principle of a complex technical system is described, based on the concept of coupling of physical effects. The presented description of the set of technical solutions (tree of possible solutions), in contrast to the morphological box model, provides a complete hierarchical representation of the operating principle and allows us to identify feasible solutions using graph methods.

Aim. The practice of dependability calculation and analysis occasionally deals with technical systems for which the dependability model is difficult or impossible to adequately describe with a set of serial and parallel connections and corresponding mathematical tools of multiplication of probabilities. The article examines the method of modeling the dependability of highly integrated systems through the analysis of the position of time to failure density function centroid f(t). This work is the continuation of a big research dedicated to the analysis of the properties of a density function centroid in highly integrated technical systems. In the first part it was shown that the centroid allows identifying the level of mutual influence of subsystems of a mechatronic system and identifying their contribution into the overall level of dependability of a whole product, where the primary criterion is the proximity of the partial centroid of the density function of each subsystem to the overall average centroid of the whole system. This paper assumes that the average centroid for a composition of density functions of product components does not depend on the way they are connected in the dependability model and thus can be used as the conditional reliability indicator for systems with fuzzy structural and functional connections. Methods. The research is based on graphs of time to failure density functions for conditional components of a complex technical system, such as electronics, mechanics and software. The diverse nature of the system’s components is reflected through the variation of parameters of the Weibull-Gnedenko law. In order to simplify the calculation and presentation of the results, the analysis is conducted not in an integrated manner for 3 components, but for pairs. For each pair of subsystems density functions are calculated and plotted both for individual components, and for cases of their serial and parallel connection. Then, for each calculation case the centroid of the corresponding density function is generated with subsequent plotting and comparison of the average graphs. Results. The primary observation based on the results of the graph analysis is that the average centroid resulting from two partial centroids of the density functions of single systems (mechanics, electronics, software) has a high rate of correlation (over 0.99) and almost matches the average centroid generated out of two partial centroids of serial and parallel connection of the respective pairs of systems per each calculation case. Conclusions. The results of the research again show that the average centroid for a composition of density functions of different systems is equivalent to their superposition and can be used as a conditional average (or fuzzy) index of the overall level of dependability of highly integrated complex technical systems of which the structural and functional dependability model is difficult to represent with a set of serial and parallel connections and corresponding mathematical tools of multiplication of probabilities.

Extra-Planetary Digital Cultures

The 1929 ‘Davos encounter’ between Martin Heidegger and Ernst Cassirer has long been viewed by intellectual historians as a paradigmatic event not only for its philosophical meaning but also for its apparently cultural-political ramifications. But such interpretations easily lend legitimacy to a broader and recently ascendant intellectual-historical trend that would reduce philosophy to an allegorical expression of ostensibly more ‘real’ or instrumentalist meanings. However, as this essay tries to show, the core of the dispute between Cassirer and Heidegger is irreducibly philosophical: the Davos debate brought into focus the emergent themes of the so-called “Kant-crisis” of the 1920s, and cast new light upon neo-Kantian doctrines as to the status of objectivity and the possibility for intersubjective consensus in both knowledge and ethics. The Davos encounter cannot be retroactively decided on political or cultural grounds, since it concerns just that unresolved tension between transcendentalism and hermeneutics that is itself constitutive of intellectual history as a discipline.

Abstract: This study explores the potential of vernacular courtyard architecture as solution to contemporary urban housing challenges, which include social disconnection, environmental degradation, and rapid urbanization. Modern housing models often emphasize density and economic efficiency, overlooking essential aspects of social interaction and environmental sustainability. Vernacular courtyard houses, however, have historically fostered social cohesion and environmental responsiveness through shared, shaded communal spaces, natural ventilation and privacy. By examining these traditional forms across diverse cultural contexts, our research aims to identify design principles that can inform contemporary housing. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study combines qualitative and morpho-typological analyses of historical examples with a literature review and examines modern adaptations inspired by courtyard designs. The Italian Tendenza school’s insights help frame the typological and morphological analysis, emphasizing how courtyard housing shapes and interacts with urban form. Additionally, the focus on “void” spaces in courtyard houses reveals their role as social and environmental moderators. To illustrate these principles, we present one of the chosen case studies, that of Hanoi, where traditional courtyard houses remain integral to the urban landscape. Our findings advocate for adapting vernacular courtyard housing principles to contemporary housing, bridging past architectural practices and future design needs, and promoting resilient, socially inclusive, and sustainable urban living. Key words: vernacular architecture, courtyard house, social interactions, housing quality

This article discusses the relationship between the concepts of writing and tertiary memory in Bernard Stiegler’s philosophy of technology. It is demonstrated that tertiary memory, being a process of sensuality exteriorization (espacement) that defines the specifics of human existence, is almost identical to Derrida’s writing. Tertiary memory is expressed in everything that falls under the rubric “record”, from the most primitive tools to socio-political institutions and cybernetic technologies. Unlike Derrida, Stiegler believed that tertiary memory is most clearly expressed in material and technical objects. As an example the paper takes Stiegler’s critical analysis of Husserl’s phenomenology and Martin Heidegger’s existential ontology. Stiegler shows that in Husserl’s phenomenology, tertiary memory is represented by tertiary retention (determining a set of symbols, signs and images that implicitly constitute phenomenological experience), while in Heidegger’s philosophy, by the world-historical, determining the objective historical heritage of humankind, without which, as Stiegler demonstrates, there can be no existential experience. Further, the article discusses Stiegler’s thesis about historical and ontological duality of tertiary memory, containing both creative and destructive potential. Referring to Derrida, Stiegler shows that technics should be understood as what Plato called pharmakon, meaning a substance that can be both poison and remedy. This thesis defines the contemporary problem of lacking reflexion of the above-mentioned structural technical duality, which leads to excessive instrumentalization of the technics and its destructive effect on humans, similar to that during the time of Greek sophists.

The main purpose of the article is to study the human factor in the technical systems and objects development, to develop a method of socio-economic design that ensures the safety of systems and objects and reduces the probability of accidents on them.