Abstract
A phylogenetic study based on 25 species of Phasgonophorinae (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) and 36 characters was carried out for ensuring the generic placement of three new species from Saudi Arabia. As a result of this study, the generaTrigonuraSichel, 1866,BactrochalcisKieffer, 1912,CentrochalcisCameron, 1913,CentrochalcidiaGahan & Fagan, 1923,ChalcidelliaGirault, 1924,UrochalcisNikol’skaya, 1952,TrigonurellaBouček, 1988, andMuhabbetellaKoçak & Kemal, 2008 are synonymized withPhasgonophoraWestwood, 1832. This genus is recorded in Saudi Arabia for the first time, represented here byP. rubens(Klug), and newly described speciesP. baiocchiiSoliman & Gul,sp. nov.,P. granulisDelvare,sp. nov., andP. magnaniiGadallah & Gul,sp. nov.An illustrated key to species of the Arabian Peninsula is provided. The relevant specimens were mostly reared from buprestid species infestingAcaciasp. andDodonaea viscosain Al-Baha, Asir and Riyadh regions, Saudi Arabia.
Highlights
Phasgonophorinae were first recognized as discrete group by Steffan (1951) who listed their features and classified them within Brachymeriinae
The material from Saudi Arabia was reared from xylophagous Coleoptera of the family Buprestidae (Chrysobothris sp.) attacking Acacia sp. and D. viscosa dead wood collected by Daniele Baiocchi and Gianluca Magnani (Roma, Italy) or collected using sweep net on Calotropis procera (Aiton) (Apocynaceae) trees from different wadis in Al Baha, Asir and Riyadh regions
Stypiurini and Phasgonophorini are retrieved monophyletic with moderately strong supports in the strict consensus tree (CST) (Fig. 1)
Summary
Phasgonophorinae were first recognized as discrete group by Steffan (1951) who listed their features and classified them within Brachymeriinae They were later classified within Chalcidinae (Bouček 1988, 1992; Narendran 1989; Wijesekara 1997a; Delvare 2017), but quite recently were raised to subfamily level (Cruaud et al 2020) appearing as the sister group of Brachymeriinae s.s. Trigonura appeared polyphyletic, merging on two different branches, the first one together with Muhabbetella Koçak & Kemal, 2008 (replacement name for Trigonurella Bouček, 1988 nec Maa, 1963) on one hand, and Phasgonophora Westwood, 1832 on the other hand
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