Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the home-based physical activity (PA) environmental characteristics, and different types of physical behavior level of adolescents in different genders, and explore the impact of different domains of home-based PA environmental factors on different physical behaviors of adolescents in different genders. Methods: Five hundred forty-four adolescents aged from 12 to 18 years old (males: n = 358, females: n = 186) and their parents were analyzed in this cross-sectional survey. The volume of various physical behaviors of all adolescent subjects were measured by the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer, and the level in different domains of home-based environmental characteristics were assessed by the Gattshall’s home-based PA environment questionnaire, which was answered by adolescents’ parents. The difference in the volume of different physical behaviors was examined using Kruskal–Wallis analysis. The difference in home physical environment and home social environment for adolescents was examined using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Multiple linear regression analysis in the adjusted model was used to evaluate the influence of different home-based PA environmental domains (PA availability, PA accessibility, Parental role-modeling of PA, and Parental policies around PA) on different physical behaviors (sedentary behavior, SB; light-intensity physical activity, LPA; and moderate-vigorous physical activity, MVPA) of adolescents (boys and girls). Results: The volume of LPA and MVPA, the score of PA accessibility in the home physical environment, and the score of home social environment of boys are significantly higher than those of girls, while the SB volume of boys is significantly lower than that of girls. The PA availability, the parents’ role-modeling of PA in same-sex parent–child dyads, and the parents’ policies around PA in opposite-sex parent–child dyads are significantly associated with adolescents’ decreased SB and increased LPA and MVPA. Conclusion: There is significant gender difference in adolescents’ physical behaviors and home-based environmental characteristics, as well as in the association between adolescents’ physical behaviors and their home-based environment. The PA availability, the parents’ role-modeling of PA in same-sex parent–child dyads, and the parents’ policies around PA in opposite-sex parent–child dyads can significantly promote adolescents’ healthy physical behaviors.
Highlights
In recent years, insufficient physical activity (PA) and high level of sedentary behavior (SB) of adolescents has become a common public health problem all over the world, which attracts more and more researchers’ attention
The multiple linear regression analysis in the adjusted model was used to evaluate the influence of different home-based PA environmental domains (PA availability, PA accessibility, Parental role-modeling of PA, and Parental policies around PA) on different physical behaviors (SB, light−intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA)) of adolescents
The results concerning gender difference in different physical behaviors in our study indicated that the adolescent boys were more active in LPA and MVPA than adolescent girls, and they spent less time every week in SB than girls
Summary
Insufficient physical activity (PA) and high level of sedentary behavior (SB) of adolescents has become a common public health problem all over the world, which attracts more and more researchers’ attention. The home is the most familiar physical and social environment for individuals since they were born, and parents are their first teacher in the whole life, home-based environment can exactly affect adolescents’ cognitions and physical behaviors. The characteristics of the home-based environment have a significant correlation with adolescents’ weight [18], PA level, and SB [19]. The social ecological model involved personal, friend, home, school, and neighborhood environment is usually considered as the comprehensive influential factor to explain adolescents’ PA [16,18], one study revealed home-based environmental characteristics can produce more variance in teenagers’ moderate-vigorous-intensity
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