Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. The post-transcriptional regulation is influenced by these lncRNAs by interfering with the microRNA pathways, involving in diverse cellular processes. The regulation of gene expression by lncRNAs at the epigenetic level, transcriptional and post-transcriptional level have been well known and widely studied. Recent recognition that lncRNAs make effects in many biological and pathological processes such as stem cell pluripotency, neurogenesis, oncogenesis and etc. This review will focus on the functional roles of lncRNAs in epigenetics and related research progress will be summarized.
Highlights
Messenger RNA is the RNA that carries information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis
The results suggested the functional role of the Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in neural cell fate specification [84,85,86,87]
Conclusions and future directions lncRNAs function make effects in many biological and pathological processes such as stem cell pluripotency, neurogenesis, oncogenesis and etc. It has focused on the functional roles of lncRNAs in epigenetics and summarized related research progress
Summary
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the RNA that carries information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis. Berghoff EG and his colleague have shown that Evf (Dlx6as) lncRNA antisense transcription, Evf2-dependent balanced recruitment of activator and repressor proteins enabled differentially transcriptional control of adjacent genes with shared DNA regulatory elements [145] Researches from another lab indicated that the intronic long non-coding RNA ANRASSF1 recruited PRC2 to the RASSF1A promoter, reducing the expression of RASSF1A and increasing cell proliferation [146]. There is a nuclear retained antisense transcript in Kcnq gene (Kcnq1ot1) It associates in a tissue-specific manner with the Chromatin complexes G9a and PRC2 and several protein-coding genes within a 1 Mb region in cis will be repressed [31,97] (Figure 5). LncRNAs play critical roles in epigenetic modulation of chromatin structure by regulating key genes in specific cancerous cells [186,187]. Competing interests The author’s declare that he has no competing interests
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