Abstract

The French Red Cross, War Readiness, and Civil Society, 1866–1914 The French Red Cross contributed to a fundamental increase in civilians' perceived responsibilities regarding advance war preparation during the early Third Republic. In the 1880s, after a mediocre contribution to the Franco-Prussian War, the French Red Cross began to play a prominent role in French civil society. It occupied an ambiguous space between the state and private citizens, becoming increasingly linked over the decades to the army's Service de Santé. The Nancy committee in particular illuminates these issues, as well as the periphery's relationship to the center in this hierarchical organization. La Croix rouge française, les préparatifs de guerre et la société civile, 1866–1914 Pendant les premières décennies de la Troisième République, la Croix rouge française contribua à une augmentation significative des responsabilités qu'on donnait aux civils dans les préparatifs de guerre. Suite à une participation plutôt médiocre à la Guerre de 1870, la Croix rouge française a commencé à jouer un rôle important dans la société civile pendant les années 1880. Occupant une place ambiguë, entre l'Etat et les citoyens, la Croix rouge s'incorporait de plus en plus au service de Santé. Le comité de Nancy est un cas exemplaire, et illumine aussi la relation entre les marges et le centre de cette organisation hiérarchique.

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