THE FIRST STEP TO ACTIVE HEALTH PROGRAM FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH PRE-DIABETES.

Abstract

Purpose/Hypothesis: As the aging population increases, the number of individuals with chronic diseases will also continue to increase. The role of physical activity in chronic diseases such as diabetes is becoming increasingly important for both prevention and management. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the First Step to Active Health group exercise program in older adults referred by family physicians to the hospital wellness center. Number of Subjects: 7. Materials/Methods: Subjects were diagnosed with a cluster of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia (clinically referred to as “Metabolic Syndrome”). The group program met once a week to discuss behavioral changes and to gradually introduce a 4-step program that included cardiorespiratory, flexibility, strengthening, and balance activities. Each participant continued the program at home at least 3 additional days per week. Before and after the 10 week program, fitness was assessed with the Senior Fitness Test (Rikli & Jones, 2000). Data were analyzed with paired-sample t-test. Results: Systolic blood pressure decreased significantly by 9% (t = −2.62, p =.04), while diastolic blood pressure and body weight did not change. Upper body muscular strength & endurance (+32%, t=−4.94, p = .004) and lower body muscular strength and endurance (+17%, t=−2.98, p = .025) improved significantly. There were no significant improvements in upper or lower body flexibility. Gait, mobility, and cardiorespiratory fitness improved, although not significantly. There were no reported injuries with the program, and the subjective reports of the individuals indicate they enjoyed the program. All subjects are enrolled in an advanced program to continue their group exercise program. Conclusions: The First Step to Active Health Program significantly improved blood pressure and muscular strength and endurance in older adults with pre-metabolic syndrome. Results will be evaluated again in these individuals after completing another 10 weeks to examine longer-term effects of the program. Further research should increase sample size and evaluate other variables related to disease management such as glucose levels, blood lipids, and medication utilization. Clinical Relevance: The program shows promise as a structured intervention for management of chronic diseases with physical activity.