Abstract
The vanC1 gene, which is chromosomally located, confers resistance to vancomycin and serves as a species marker for Enterococcus gallinarum. Enterococcus faecium TJ4031 was isolated from a blood culture and harbours the vanC1 gene. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were performed to detect vanXYc and vanTc genes. Only the vanXYc gene was found in the E. faecium TJ4031 isolate. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin and teicoplanin were 2 µg/mL and 1 µg/mL, respectively. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR results revealed that the vanC1 and vanXYc genes were not expressed. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and southern hybridisation results showed that the vanC1 gene was encoded in the chromosome. E. faecalis isolated from animals has been reported to harbour vanC1 gene. However, this study is the first to report the presence of the vanC1 gene in E. faecium of human origin. Additionally, our research showed the vanC1 gene cannot serve as a species-specific gene of E. gallinarum and that it is able to be transferred between bacteria. Although the resistance marker is not expressed in the strain, our results showed that E. faecium could acquire the vanC1 gene from different species.
Highlights
The vanC1 gene, which is chromosomally located, confers resistance to vancomycin and serves as a species marker for Enterococcus gallinarum
Characterisation of E. faecium TJ4031 - The clinical isolate TJ4031, which was isolated from a blood culture, was identified as E. faecium using conventional tests and the Vitek2-Compact system; species identity was confirmed by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
In our study, expected biochemical reactions were observed in the vanC1 genotype-positive E. faecium TJ4031
Summary
The vanC1 gene, which is chromosomally located, confers resistance to vancomycin and serves as a species marker for Enterococcus gallinarum. Enterococcus faecium TJ4031 was isolated from a blood culture and harbours the vanC1 gene. The vanXYc gene was found in the E. faecium TJ4031 isolate. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR results revealed that the vanC1 and vanXYc genes were not expressed. E. faecalis isolated from animals has been reported to harbour vanC1 gene. The resistance marker is not expressed in the strain, our results showed that E. faecium could acquire the vanC1 gene from different species. E. faecium TJ4031 was susceptible to both vancomycin and teicoplanin, but harboured the vanC1 resistance gene. The resistance gene in this clinical isolate was located on the chromosome
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