Abstract
The article is dedicated to the 170th anniversary of the first Russian railway main line St. Petersburg–Moscow. The country’s railway transport, as the main type of transportation, has a rich history and remarkable patriotic, labour, scientific, and technical traditions. We must remember them. The emergence of railways in Russia, as in other countries of the world, was accompanied by many problems that needed to be solved: financing methods, types of ownership, track gauge, types of traction and signalling, traffic management and control, competition with other modes of transport, etc. The stage of emergence of railways in Russia is very instructive. What extreme points of view were expressed, and how long did it take to start building main lines? After the society realised the need for construction of railways, it became obvious that the costs required are not affordable neither for the state, nor for creditors, nor for private entrepreneurs. To better understand how construction of the first railway in Russia was conducted, the article offers many illustrations.
Highlights
Статья посвящена 170-летию первой в России железнодорожной магистрали Санкт-Петербург–Москва
The full text of the article in English is published in the second part of the issue
–. Статья поступила в редакцию 17.09.2019, одобрена после рецензирования 16.10.2020, принята к публикации 23.04.2021
Summary
Статья посвящена 170-летию первой в России железнодорожной магистрали Санкт-Петербург–Москва. Возникновение железных дорог в России, как и в других странах мира, сопровождало множество проблем, требующих решения: способы финансирования, виды собственности, ширина колеи, разновидности тяги и сигнализации, организация движения, конкуренция с другими видами транспорта и т.д. Очень поучителен этап возникновения железных дорог в России. Как происходило строительство первой железнодорожной магистрали в России, в статье приведено множество иллюстраций. Ведомство путей сообщения впервые обсудило ряд предложений о строительстве железных дорог в России и отклонило их, отметив, что подобные дороги экономически невыгодны, и что их трудно содержать в условиях нашего климата, в особенности в зимнее время. И в дальнейшем в России было много противников железных дорог. Ф. Толь, министр государственных имуществ граф Киселёв, министр финансов Е.
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