Abstract
Biofungicides from plants are a possibility for the biocontrol of fungal diseases, as chemical products may be harmful to the environment and humans. Strawberry is one of the many plants infected by grey mould (Botrytis cinerea), and innovative methods of biocontrol against B. cinerea are under investigation. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia L.) accumulate natural compounds, such as eugenol and cinnamaldehyde, which provide antimicrobial and antifungal properties; thus, extracts of these plants could be possibly used as biofungicides. During this study, the inhibition of B. cinerea by clove and cinnamon extracts was evaluated in vitro on Petri plates and detached strawberry leaves; additionally, the chemical composition of volatiles was identified. Clove extract consisted of 52.88% eugenol, and cinnamon consisted of 74.67% cinnamaldehyde. The efficacy of the extracts on detached strawberry leaves showed that 12 mL L−1 concentration of clove extract was effective in suppressing the grey mould infection. Clove and cinnamon extracts showed an equal ability to inhibit B. cinerea on Petri plates. However, the results of the detached strawberry leaves assay showed that clove extract was more effective as a biocontrol product. Overall, clove extract expressed a high potential for application in biofungicides formulations.
Highlights
Grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea has a significant economic impact on plant production for a variety of different crops [1,2,3,4,5]
Grey mould is conventionally controlled by chemical fungicides [6], and biocontrol products for strawberry are in demand [7]
This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia L.)
Summary
Grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea has a significant economic impact on plant production for a variety of different crops [1,2,3,4,5]. Strawberry is one of the hosts and can be damaged during different growth stages. Plant protection measures against fungal pathogens are necessary in farms in order to avoid yield and crop loss. Chemical fungicides leave residues in the environment and in agricultural products and indirectly cause harm to humans. Following the guidance of integrated pest management, innovative ways to control pathogens should be found, with the aim of making agriculture more sustainable. Grey mould is conventionally controlled by chemical fungicides [6], and biocontrol products for strawberry are in demand [7]
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