The extract of Red Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) Prevent Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-?) Levels and Prevent Increased Sunburn in Epidermal Cell in Rats Exposed to UVB

Abstract

Backgrounds: UVB radiation can also cause acute changes, such as sunburn and pigmentation, and chronic changes, such as photocarcinogenesis and immunosuppression. The betalain compound in beetroot extract also functions as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Method: This study employed a true experimental study with a randomized post-test only control group design using 30 rats divided into three groups for treat 28 days. The negative control used placebo and without exposure to UVB (K1). The positive control group exposed to UVB and get placebo (K2). The treatment group get exposed to UVB light and treated red beetroot extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg BW via oral (K3). TNF-? levels were measured using ELISA. Sunburn cells were measured by observing the epidermal cells under a microscope. Statistical using one-way ANOVA with significantly p<0.05. Results: TNF-? levels in K1 was 33.464?1.533 ng/L, K2 was 47.546?4.194 ng/L, and K3 was 32.625?0.839 ng/L. The number of sunburn cells in K1 was 0.280?0.611 cells/visual field K2 was 0.980?0.121 cells/HPF, and K3 was 0.300?0.054 cells/HPF. Based on the results of the Post-hoc (LSD) analysis, TNF-? levels in K3 decreased significantly compared to K2 (p=0.000), while TNF-? levels in K3 were not significantly different from K1 (p=0.824). Similarly, the number of sunburn cells in K3 decreased significantly compared to K2 (p=0.000), while the number of sunburn cells in K3 did not differ significantly from K1 (p=0.665). Conclusion: red beetroot extract can prevent inflammatory factor TNF-? and increased sunburn of epidermal cells in rats exposed to UVB.