Abstract
The innate immune system constitutes the first line of host defense. Viruses have evolved multiple mechanisms to escape host immune surveillance, which has been explored extensively for human DNA viruses. There is growing evidence showing the interaction between avian DNA viruses and the host innate immune system. In this review, we will survey the present knowledge of chicken DNA viruses, then describe the functions of DNA sensors in avian innate immunity, and finally discuss recent progresses in chicken DNA virus evasion from host innate immune responses.
Highlights
The innate immune system constitutes the first line of host defense
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are the components of foreign pathogens, will be recognized by germline-encoded pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the initiation of innate antiviral immunity, such as the production of type I interferons (IFN-I) and pro-inflammatory cytokines
There is growing evidence indicating the interaction between avian DNA viruses and the host’s antiviral innate immunity
Summary
The innate immune system constitutes the first line of host defense. Viruses have evolved multiple mechanisms to escape host immune surveillance, which has been explored extensively for human DNA viruses. There is growing evidence showing the interaction between avian DNA viruses and the host innate immune system. We will survey the present knowledge of chicken DNA viruses, describe the functions of DNA sensors in avian innate immunity, and discuss recent progresses in chicken DNA virus evasion from host innate immune responses. Reviewed by: Yi-Quan Wu, National Cancer Institute (NCI), United States Kai Li, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), China
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