Abstract
目的 探讨儿童急性中毒临床流行病学特点,为有效干预提供依据.方法 使用自拟儿童急性中毒相关因素调查表,采用前瞻性流行病学凋查方法随机整群抽取洛阳地区3家医院,调查儿童急性中毒病例,并进行描述性分析.结果 在94例患儿中,约69.2%的患儿来自农村;≤3岁占43.3%;父母文化程度以初中及以下居多;58.5%的患儿为误服;中毒种类中,农药占首位(30.9%);侵入途径以经胃肠道为主(72.3%);出院转归方面,治愈率73.4%,病死率4.3%;日平均费用为564.1元;有10.6%患儿病前受到打骂、羞辱等,家中毒物随便放置者达39.4%,58.5%的家长从未对孩子进行有关防护知识的教育.结论 儿童急性中毒的发生与性别、年龄、地域、心理和社会家庭因素等有关;中毒给家庭和社会造成巨大的经济负担和损失;通过提高人口素质、加强健康教育和监护人的监护意识、正确贮藏毒物等措施可预防儿童急性中毒的发生。
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