The emerging role of Vitamin D in asthma management

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency and asthma share risk factors. Epidemiologists suggest that the U.S. prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency has increased as a result of the Westernization of culture and less time spent outdoors. Numerous studies support a patient's Vitamin D deficiency as a contributing cause to increased asthma symptoms, lower lung function levels, increased airway reactivity, and worsening asthma control. The purpose of the review article is to discuss the emerging role of Vitamin D in asthma management. A review of original research identified through MEDLINE and CINAHL and published in English was performed. Research suggests promising benefits of Vitamin D supplementation in asthma patients with low (<30 ng/mL) Vitamin D levels. Evidence supports several possible mechanisms, including downregulation of allergen sensitivity and enhanced steroid responsiveness. Studies demonstrate that Vitamin D modifies airway hyperresponsiveness by minimizing airway inflammation. Ongoing studies seek to further evaluate the effects of Vitamin D supplementation on asthma and asthma morbidity. While there is no consensus on the use of Vitamin D as a mainstay in asthma treatment, research supports its consideration for use in asthma patients with low Vitamin D levels. Current evidence reinforces the need to measure Vitamin D levels for all asthma patients.