Abstract
The hardness variation and the behavior of elemental diffusion in pulse current-assisted laser melting of multi-pass monolayer coatings and HAZ were investigated. The results showed that the coating microstructure grains were refined when the pulse current intensity increased from 5A to 10A. The electromagnetic effect generated by the pulse current drove the Fe element in the matrix to diffuse into the coating. When the pulse current was increased to 20 A, the electromagnetic impact effect overcame the bonding strength between the molten pool metals, which caused the coating to transcrystalline repture in the direction of the current movement. Meanwhile, when the pulse current increased within limits, the reduction of grain size and Fe diffusion resulted in more than two-fold hardness enhancement of the coating and HAZ.
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