Abstract
Background: Guided Bone regeneration (GBR) has gained popularity in clinical dental practice. However, there is limited number of studies regarding the molecular and physical effects of bone regeneration materials (BRMs) on healing bone defects, which is essential for optimum clinical outcome. Methods and Findings: About 24 standard alveolar bone defects in six male beagle dogs were treated by GBR using either Bio Oss® or beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) (experimental) whereas the control defects were left empty. The concentration of osteoprotegerin (OPG), vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were examined by immunoassay, while the computed tomography (CT) scan images were used to assess the bone density and alveolar bone height. The clinical features assessment showed no significant difference between BRMs. However, the OPG concentration registered on 3rd day was significantly higher for β-TCP than Control group. The VEGF concentration on 7th day was significantly lower for Bio Oss than Control and β-TCP. The experiment group had significantly higher MMP-2 concentration than Control on the 10th day. There was significant increase on bone density for the experiment groups compared to control at one month with higher bone height at one and two months post-operatively (PE0.05). Conclusion: The type of BRM had fundamental effects on the pattern of healing makers (OPG, VEGF and MMP-2) concentration in GCF at some-point during healing time. Furthermore, the experimental groups had enhanced bone density one-month post-operative with more bone height gain at one and two month’s post-operative.
Highlights
Bone regeneration has become a common method of managing bone defects in oral-facial surgery and orthopedics practices [1,2,3]
All defects healed without pus or regeneration material discharge
On most of the surgical sites, the swelling had subsided on the 7th day except for 5 (20.8%) of Bio Oss and β-TCP with only 1 (4.2%) of the control group
Summary
Bone regeneration has become a common method of managing bone defects in oral-facial surgery and orthopedics practices [1,2,3]. Bone regeneration is a very complex process involving various cells and signaling molecules during specific phases of the healing process under well-coordinated sequence of many biological events. A clear understanding of the molecular and cellular principles underlying bone healing with different bone regeneration materials is essential for the optimal treatment outcome of bone defects. Osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts are among the well-described cells responsible for bone formation healing and remodeling process [4,5]. The process involves several bioactive molecules responsible for initiating and controlling biological events among the osteogenic cell community. There is limited number of studies regarding the molecular and physical effects of bone regeneration materials (BRMs) on healing bone defects, which is essential for optimum clinical outcome
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
