Abstract
AIM: The present study purposes to examine the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) and nicotine exposures on apoptosis and necrosis ratio of cultured amniocytes. METHODS: Amniotic fluid samples were gained from 48 pregnant women and, after culturing procedure, samples were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Significant increases were observed in ratios of necrotic (UL), early (LR), and late apoptotic cells (UR) in the exposure groups of RF-EMR, nicotine, and RF-EMR + nicotine groups (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001), along with significant changes in ratios of viable (LL) cells (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results showed that nicotine exposure, alone or in combination with 900 MHz RF-EMR, led to increased apoptotic cell ratios. Amniocytes were even more severely affected by nicotine, when nicotine was administered in combination with 900 MHz RF-EMR, due to created synergistic effect. More studies with different settings, exposure times, frequencies, and doses are needed to clarify net effects of exposures to nicotine and RF-EMR radiation, alone or in combination.
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