The effects of different inhalation therapies on less symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in a Chinese population: a real-world study

Abstract

Background The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) document suggests that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should be divided into a less symptomatic group. Moreover, single-inhaled drugs are recommended as initial inhalation therapy for them. However, many less symptomatic patients are provided double or triple-inhaled drugs as initial therapy in the real world. This study aimed to describe the inhalation prescriptions and compare the effects of different inhalation therapies on less symptomatic COPD patients. Patients and methods This was an observational study. Stable COPD patients were recruited and divided into a less symptomatic group including Groups A and C based on the GOLD 2019 document. We collected the data of inhalation therapies prescriptions. Then, the patients were classified into long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) + inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), LABA + LAMA, and LABA + LAMA + ICS groups. All the patients were followed up for 1 year to collect exacerbation and mortality data. Results We found that only 45.4% of patients in Group A and 43.6% of patients in Group C received reasonable inhalation therapy in reference to the GOLD document. In addition, the LAMA group had a higher forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1%pred, FEV1/forced vital capacity and peak expiratory flow compared with LABA + ICS, LABA + LAMA and LABA + LAMA + ICS groups. However, we did not find any significant differences of exacerbation, hospitalization and mortality during the follow-up among different inhalation therapies groups on less symptomatic COPD patients. Conclusion Over half of the less symptomatic patients received inhalation therapy that were inconsistent with the GOLD document recommendations in a Chinese population in the real world. In fact, the single inhaled drug of LAMA should be recommended and pulmonary function is not a good indicator for the choice of initial inhalation therapy in less symptomatic COPD patients. KEY MESSAGES Over half of the less symptomatic COPD patients received inhalation therapy that were inconsistent with the GOLD document recommendations in a Chinese population in the real world. The clinicians should offer a single inhaled drug of LAMA to less symptomatic COPD patients and pulmonary function is not a good indicator for the choice of initial inhalation therapy.