Abstract
BackgroundOsteoporosis is a skeletal metabolic disorder characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced bone strength leading to higher bone fractures risk. The present study attempted to investigate the effects of concurrent training (aerobic-resistance) and milk consumption on some markers of BMD in women with osteoporosis.MethodsFor this purpose, forty women diagnosed with osteoporosis within an age range of 30-45 years were divided into four groups of ten including concurrent training-milk, concurrent training, milk consumption and control group. The concurrent exercises were performed in ten weeks with three sessions in each week including aerobic training (running at 55–75% of maximum heart rate) and resistance training (4 move in a circle performed two times with 10 repetition maximum (RM)). Milk consumption was two times of 250 ml per day in ten weeks. Before and after treatment, BMDs in the hip and lumbar spine area were estimated with Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) device and 5 cc blood was taken from a vein in the arm to determine the blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OH-D) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP).ResultsBased on the results, blood levels 25OH-D and ALP significantly increased in concurrent training-milk, concurrent training and milk group with higher increase in concurrent training-milk group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the right and left hip BMD in concurrent training-milk and concurrent training groups increased significantly with higher increase in concurrent training-milk group (p < 0.05). Also, lumbar spine BMD increased significantly in concurrent training-milk and concurrent training (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIt seems that combination of concurrent training and milk consumption has more efficient impacts on the BMD of young women diagnosed with osteoporosis compared to the milk or concurrent training groups alone. This treatment can be used as an effective way to improve BMD in young women with diagnosed osteoporosis.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is a skeletal metabolic disorder characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced bone strength leading to higher bone fractures risk
Paired t test results showed that changes in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OH-D) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of concurrent training-milk, concurrent training and milk consumer group were significant (25OH-D: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.03; ALP: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.01; respectively)
The changes in the hip BMD values and lumbar spine BMD in concurrent training-milk and concurrent training were significant, while there was no significant change in the milk consumer group (p = 0.15, p = 0.09, p = 0.10; respectively) (Fig. 2)
Summary
Osteoporosis is a skeletal metabolic disorder characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced bone strength leading to higher bone fractures risk. Osteoporosis is a skeletal systemic and metabolic disease characterized by low bone density and high fracture leading to lower bone strength and in turn, higher risk of fracture [1, 2]. One of the main food groups is dairy foods, one of the richest sources of nutrients, such as protein, calcium, magnesium and B vitamins, which helps expanding bone health [4]. Many believe that milk is a very important nutritional material for increasing bone mass. It is one of the main sources of calcium and other elements necessary for the body including vitamin D, protein, potassium and phosphorus
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