Abstract
There is a gap between vocational high school graduates' competence with industry's needs. To overcome this, the teaching factory develops an industry-based learning model. Learning in vocational high schools refers to the standards and procedures that apply to the industry and are implemented according to actual industrial conditions. However, factory teaching and learning require careful preparation to meet its parameters. This study used a combination of questionnaires, interviews, and documentation to analyze the implementation of the teaching factory in Indonesia, especially at Vocational High School 5 Surakarta. From the results, it can be seen that seven of the eight parameters have been effectively implemented in the teaching factory. These parameters are management, workshops, training in learning patterns, marketing promotion, products and services, human resources, and legal aspects. Furthermore, it is known that industrial relations parameters are not yet effective enough because the technology transfer and investment have not been implemented between schools and industry. However, some parameters that have been said to be effective are still not evenly distributed for each sub-parameter. Therefore, evaluation and improvement are needed to increase the teaching factory in these vocational high schools.
Highlights
The quality of human resources in Indonesia is still relatively low or below average
This study examines the parameters of applying teaching factory and legal aspects in Vocational High Schools to determine how this teaching factory's implementation has been carried out, especially case studies in Indonesia
Based on the questionnaire results regarding the eight parameters above, the average effectiveness of the teaching factory implementation at State Vocational High School 5 Surakarta is 70.292, which is included in the achievement level as quite effective
Summary
The quality of human resources in Indonesia is still relatively low or below average This is based on UNDP data in the Human Development Index (HDI) in 2020, which states that Indonesia is ranked 111 out of 189 countries [1]. Indonesia's low quality of human resources has caused various social problems, including the relatively high unemployment rate. There is a mismatch between the theories learned in schools and the conditions of practice in the industrial world [5]. It is one of the factors causing the high unemployment rate in Indonesia. The largest number of unemployed comes from Vocational High School graduates of 8.49% [6]
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