The Effectiveness of Mindful Self-compassion Treatment as a Compound Method with Diet Therapy on Body Mass Indexes and the External Shame in Women with High Body Mass Indexes

Obesity Is Associated With Family History of ESRD in Incident Dialysis Patients

P11 - Barriers and enablers to breastfeeding for women who have a high body mass index: a mixed-methods study

To assess the effectiveness of laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with normal and high body mass indices (BMIs). We investigated the effects of LOD process on two different groups of Turkish women with normal (n = 13) and high (n = 12) body mass indices. Three-puncture laparoscopy was performed under general anesthesia. Luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) and total testosterone (total T) levels were measured one menstrual cycle before the operation (in early follicular phase defined as day 3 of the menstrual cycle) and one menstrual cycle after the operation (in early follicular phase defined as day 3 of the menstrual cycle). Ovarian drilling had a positive effect on FSH increase and DHEAS, total testosterone and LH/FSH ratio decrease; but BMI levels had no effect on these hormonal changes, respectively (F = 0.343, P = 0564) (F = 0.790, P = 0383) (F = 0.083, P = 0776) and (F = 0.816, P = 0376). Ovarian drilling had a positive effect on LH decrease and BMIs were effective on this change (F = 6.946, P < 0.05). LH decrease in the group with normal BMI was significantly higher than the obese group with high BMI. Ten of 13 women with normal BMI (76.9%) and eight of 12 women with high BMI (66.6%) started to see regular menses 2 to 3 months after the procedure. Ovarian drilling is an effective procedure on PCOS. Women with lower BMI may benefit more from the procedure.

Introduction: Placenta previa is a significant cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity, primarily due to antepartum hemorrhage. Concurrently, the global prevalence of maternal obesity is rising, a condition associated with numerous adverse pregnancy outcomes. The direct relationship between high maternal Body Mass Index (BMI) and the risk of developing placenta previa remains contentious, with conflicting evidence from observational studies. This systematic review aims to critically appraise and synthesize the available evidence to clarify this association. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Semanthic Scholar, Springer, Wiley Online Library was conducted to identify all relevant cohort and case-control studies published in English. Studies were included if they investigated the association between pre-pregnancy or early-pregnancy BMI (categorized as overweight or obese) and the incidence of placenta previa in pregnant women, compared to those with a normal BMI. Two independent reviewers performed study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A formal risk of bias assessment was also conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. A narrative synthesis of the findings was performed. Results: Seventeen studies, comprising large-scale retrospective cohorts and case-control studies, met the inclusion criteria. The majority of high-quality studies, particularly those with robust adjustment for confounding variables, found no statistically significant direct association between high maternal BMI and the risk of placenta previa. Unadjusted analyses in some studies suggested a weak association, but this effect was consistently attenuated and lost statistical significance after controlling for key confounders, most notably a history of prior cesarean delivery. Analysis of secondary outcomes revealed that high BMI is strongly associated with an increased risk for primary cesarean delivery, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia. Discussion: The weight of the evidence suggests that high maternal BMI is not an independent, direct risk factor for placenta previa. The association observed in unadjusted analyses is likely an artifact of confounding. A plausible indirect causal pathway is proposed: high BMI increases the risk of a primary cesarean delivery in a woman's first pregnancy, and the resultant uterine scarring is a powerful, established risk factor for placenta previa in a subsequent pregnancy. The pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity, such as systemic inflammation, appear to drive metabolic and hypertensive complications rather than influencing the specific site of placental implantation. Conclusion: The link between high maternal BMI and placenta previa is indirect, mediated primarily through the increased rate of cesarean delivery. Clinical counseling for women with high BMI should emphasize the well-established risks of gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and the increased likelihood of a primary cesarean section, along with the long-term reproductive consequences of that surgery, including a future risk of placenta previa.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of self-control and emotion regulation strategies among college students with high and normal body mass index (BMI). Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional causal-descriptive study was conducted on female students with a high BMI at the Azad University of Roudehen, Iran, during the academic year of 2018-2019. The sample size was selected by the convenience sampling method (50 girls with high BMI and 50 girls with normal body weight). The data were collected using the self-control scale and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 23) by ANOVA and t-test. Results: According to the results, students with high BMI had lower levels of self-control and positive emotional regulation, compared to those with normal BMI. Moreover, the individuals with high BMI had a higher level of negative emotional regulation, compared to those with normal BMI. Conclusion: Strategies for emotion regulation are very important for self-control, eating styles, and BMI. It is, therefore, suggested to apply this intervention for the treatment of obesity.

The hypothalamus produces an endogenous membrane Na+-K+ ATPase inhibitor and regulator of neurotransmission, digoxin. Digoxin, a steroidal glycoside, is synthesized by the isoprenoid pathway. In view of the reports of elevated digoxin levels in metabolic syndrome X with high body mass index, the isoprenoid-mediated pathway biochemical cascade was assessed in individuals with high and low body mass index. It was also assessed in individuals with differing hemispheric dominance to find out the relationship among digoxin status, body mass index, and hemispheric dominance. The isoprenoid pathway metabolites, tryptophan/tyrosine catabolic patterns, glycoconjugate, and free radical metabolism, as well as membrane composition, were assessed. In individuals with high body mass index, an upregulated isoprenoid pathway with increased digoxin levels, increased glycoconjugates, and dolichol levels, reduced lysosomal stability, low ubiquinone levels with increased free radical generation, and increased membrane cholesterol:phospholipid ratio were observed. The reverse patterns were seen in individuals with a low body mass index. The patterns in individuals with a high body mass index and low body mass index correlated with right hemispheric dominance and left hemispheric dominance, respectively. Hemispheric dominance and digoxin status regulated the differential metabolic pattern observed in individuals with high and low body mass index. Hypothalamic digoxin/cerebral dominance can regulate the metabolic/endocrine function, as well as the structure/function of cellular organalle.

The prevalence of obesity has increased substantially in the past 3 decades and is projected to increase further in the years ahead. It increases the risk of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea, nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, and cancer. The prevention and treatment of obesity is, therefore, a leading challenge facing public health and medicine in the 21st century. Two stereotypes have dominated thinking in public health, medicine, and the media about obesity. The first stereotype is that the recent surge in prevalence of obesity reflects almost entirely environmental and psychological factors and excludes an important contribution of genetic biological factors. The second stereotype is that obesity should and can be treated primarily by diet and behavioral modification. In this review, I challenge these tenets. I summarize evidence for a strong genetic neurobiological contribution to adiposity and body weight and assert that common human obesity is, like essential hypertension, a complex multifactorial disease where genetic factors promote sensitivity or resistance to obesity in a toxic environment. This concept of a genetic resistance versus sensitivity to obesity helps explain why many people remain thin in a toxic environment whereas others develop profound obesity. I then discuss evidence that dietary therapy for obesity generally fails to achieve weight loss maintenance. There is mounting indication that the high rate of relapse from weight loss during dietary therapy occurs because of compensatory biological adaptations that promote lack of compliance and effectiveness. Relapse from weight loss during dietary therapy is not caused simply by lack of discipline and will power. Finally, I briefly discuss the alternatives to dietary and behavioral therapy, namely bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy. As a prelude to my critique of dietary therapy, I begin with a discussion of the role of genetic neurobiological factors in obesity. The surge …

Obesity is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease during pregnancy. We hypothesized that the co-occurrence of high maternal body mass index (BMI) and gestational SARS-CoV-2 infection are detrimental to fetoplacental development. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA/SWiM guidelines and 13 studies were eligible. In the case series studies (n = 7), the most frequent placental lesions reported in SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnancies with high maternal BMI were chronic inflammation (71.4%, 5/7 studies), fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM) (71.4%, 5/7 studies), maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) (85.7%, 6/7 studies) and fibrinoids (100%, 7/7 studies). In the cohort studies (n = 4), three studies reported higher rates of chronic inflammation, MVM, FVM and fibrinoids in SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnancies with high maternal BMI (72%, n = 107/149; mean BMI of 30 kg/m2) compared to SARS-CoV-2(−) pregnancies with high BMI (7.4%, n = 10/135). In the fourth cohort study, common lesions observed in placentae from SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnancies with high BMI (n = 187 pregnancies; mean BMI of 30 kg/m2) were chronic inflammation (99%, 186/187), MVM (40%, n = 74/187) and FVM (26%, n = 48/187). BMI and SARS-CoV-2 infection had no effect on birth anthropometry. SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy associates with increased prevalence of placental pathologies, and high BMI in these pregnancies could further affect fetoplacental trajectories.

Our aim was to evaluate liver transplant outcomes involving donors with high macrosteatosis grafts in the obese modern liver transplant recipient population. A high-steatosis graft was defined as donor graft macrosteatosis ≥30% on biopsy. Recipient obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) >35 adjusted for ascites. Raw and adjusted recipient liver transplant survival were evaluated and compared between 4 cohorts: (1) high-steatosis graft in high-BMI recipient; (2) low-steatosis graft in high-BMI recipient; (3) high-steatosis graft in normal-BMI recipient; and (4) low-steatosis graft in normal-BMI recipient. After adjustment for multiple factors, recipient high-BMI remained an independent predictor of posttransplant mortality at 30 days (P < 0.0001) and persisted at 1 year (P = 0.009). A high-steatosis graft was the strongest independent predictor of mortality at 30 days (hazard ratio 2.05, 1.66-2.53; P < 0.0001) and that effect was diminished but persistent at 1 year (1.27, 1.10-1.46; P = 0.001). Recipient high-BMI and a high-steatosis graft are both significant independent and equally powerful predictors of mortality after modern liver transplant. High-steatosis grafts transplanted into obese recipients have the highest mortality. The increase in mortality associated with a high-steatosis graft into a normal-BMI recipient is similar in magnitude to a low-steatosis graft placed into a high-BMI recipient.

The influence of body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy rates and outcomes among infertile Japanese women

Bone marrow transplantation is frequently used as a consolidation therapy in patients with haematological malignancies to improve the outcome of these patients. Obese individuals have larger absolute lean body and fat masses than non-obese individuals of the same age, gender and height, which might lead to altered pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents. Data on the impact of body mass on transplant outcome is conflicting. This study included 331 patients (M, 230; F, 101) with 336 allogeneic transplant episodes from two large teaching hospitals in the West Midlands region in United Kingdom. A total of 105 patients had acute myeloid leukaemia, 83 had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, three had myeloma, 21 had Hodgkin's lymphoma, 34 had acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, 19 had chronic myeloid leukaemia, 22 had chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, 24 had myelodysplasia, seven had T cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, six had aplastic leukaemia and seven had myelofibrosis. At transplantation, 40% (N = 133) of the patients had normal and 60% (N = 198) had high body mass index (BMI) with 14% of the patients being obese (BMI >30). After a median follow-up of 24 months (range, 2-79), the mean overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing allograft with normal BMI was 31 months as compared to 39 with high BMI (p:0.06). The mean progression free survival (PFS) in patients undergoing allograft with normal BMI was 33 months as compared to 38 with high BMI (p = 0.13). Of the patients in the high and obese BMI group, 16% developed acute GvHD with 8% grade III-IV and 28% in the normal BMI group with 14% grade III-IV acute GvHD (p = 0.11). Of the patients in the high BMI group, 17% developed chronic GvHD and 30% of the patients in the normal BMI group (p = 0.09). However, higher infection rates and more days of inpatient stay in the first year post-transplant were observed in the high BMI and obese patients, but there was no difference in ITU admissions. This study shows that high BMI and obesity does not adversely impact on either OS or PFS in patients undergoing allogeneic transplantation for haematological malignancies, but it does have a significant impact on infection rates and hospitalisation of high BMI and obese patients. We recommend that patients with high BMI should not be excluded from allogeneic transplantation; however, good supportive care and careful patient selection on the basis of comorbidity index should be undertaken in order to avoid the risks from the increased rates of infection.

Pre-pregnancy body mass index and length of gestation at term

CML-023: Relationship Between High Body Mass Index (BMI) and Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase (CML-CP) Treated with Dasatinib or Imatinib: Retrospective Analysis of the Phase 3 DASISION Trial

Introduction: It is recognized that people with a high body mass index (BMI) will have a high risk of developing diabetes. However, some studies showed that other indices may provide a more accurate insight into the risk of developing diabetes. Our study aimed to compare the predictive abilities of 5 anthropometric measurements [BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-by-height0.5 (WHT.5R), and a body shape index (ABSI)] for diabetes. Hypothesis: WHtR may be most strongly associated with diabetes. High WHtR but normal BMI persons may have higher risk for developing diabetes than persons with high BMI but normal WHtR. Methods: From the UK Whitehall II cohort, we included participants with full records of weight, height, and WC in Phase 3 (1991-1994) for baseline survey, and carried out follow-up survey in Phase 9 (2007-2009) for the non-diabetics of the baseline survey. Our study indices, BMI, WC, WHtR, WHT.5R, and ABSI, were calculated from measured weight, height, or WC. Based on the recognized cut-off value of BMI, WC, and WHtR, we classified the persons into normal group (BMI: &lt;25 kg/m 2 ; WC: &lt;90 cm for men and &lt;80 cm for women; WHtR: &lt;0.5) and abnormal group (≥ corresponding cut-off value). For the indices (WHT.5R and ABSI) without an accepted cut-off value, we selected the 75th cohort-wide centile as the cut point to divide the participants into normal group (WHT.5R &lt;75th cohort-wide centile; ABSI &lt;75th cohort-wide centile) and abnormal group (≥ corresponding cut-off value). Subgroup analyses were based on combination of BMI and WHtR (normal BMI + normal WHtR; high BMI + normal WHtR; normal BMI + high WHtR; high BMI + high WHtR). The outcome is diabetes. We studied predictive value of the indices to diabetes by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis at baseline survey, and evaluated the association between the indices and diabetes by Cox regression analysis at follow-up survey. Results: A total of 7979 participants were included at baseline survey [mean age: 50.1 ± 6.0 years; 2468 (30.9%) females], and there were 7488 non-diabetics available for the follow-up survey. At baseline survey, ABSI [areas under the curve (AUC): 0.711, sensitivity: 77.0%, specificity: 55.5%] and WHtR (AUC: 0.709, sensitivity: 67.2%, specificity: 65.6%) had top 2 predictive value of diabetes. At follow-up survey, the abnormal group divided by cut-off value of WHtR had the highest hazard ratio (HR) (2.46; 95% CI: 2.06-2.93), while the abnormal group classified by ABSI cut-off value had the lowest HR (1.77; 95% CI: 1.45-2.15). In subgroup analyses, “normal BMI + high WHtR” group (HR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.59-3.27) appears to have higher risk for developing diabetes than “high BMI + normal WHtR” group (HR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.22-2.17). Conclusion: WHtR seems to be an effective indicator for predicting diabetes. Besides BMI, controlling WHtR to the normal range is important for the prevention of diabetes.

Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting attenuates morbidity and mortality for patients with low and high body mass index