The effect of Zataria multiflora hydroalcoholic extract on memory and lung changes induced by rats that inhaled paraquat

The effects of Portulaca oleracea (P. oleracea; PO) on total and differential WBC count, and oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as on lung pathology in asthmatic rats were examined. Rats were randomly divided into; control group (C), asthma group, asthma groups treated with either P. oleracea (rats that received PO 1, 2 and 4 mg/mL) or dexamethasone 1.25 μg/mL (D), (n = 8 in each group). Total and differential white blood cells (WBC) count, nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and thiol levels in rats BALF were evaluated and lung pathological features were studied. Total WBC count, eosinophil, neutrophil and monocyte percentages, levels of NO2, NO3, MDA in the BALF and most pathological scores in the lung were increased but lymphocyte percentage, SOD, CAT and thiol levels were decreased in the BALF of asthmatic animals (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Treatment with P. oleracea significantly reduced total WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, NO2, and NO3, MDA, interstitial fibrosis, emphysema, interstitial inflammation and epithelial damage, but increased lymphocyte, SOD, CAT and thiol levels compared to asthma group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Dexamethasone-treated rats also showed significant improvements in most parameters compared to asthma group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Our results demonstrated the ameliorative effects of P. oleracea on total and differential WBC count and oxidant-antioxidant biomarkers levels in BALF as well as lung pathological features in asthmatic rats, which propose the usage of this extract as a preventive anti-inflammatory treatment against asthma.

Total and differential white blood cell counts, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and cardiovascular risk in non-affective psychoses.

Study of the association of total and differential white blood cell counts with geriatric conditions, cardio-vascular diseases, seric IL-6 levels and telomere length

Total and differential white blood cell counts, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and the metabolic syndrome in non-affective psychoses

To evaluate the relationship between total and differential White Blood Cell (WBC) counts with time to transition to type 2 diabetes in Mexican Americans using prospective data from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models revealed that obese Mexican-American cohort participants whose total WBC or granulocyte count increased over time had 1.39 and 1.35 times higher risk respectively of transition to type 2 diabetes when compared to overweight participants. The granulocyte or total WBC count in participants with BMI≥35 were significant risk factors for transition to type 2 diabetes. Increased total WBC and WBC differential counts, particularly lymphocytes and granulocytes, are associated with risk of transition to type 2 diabetes in obese Mexican Americans, after adjusting for other potential confounders. Screening and monitoring the WBC counts, including lymphocytes and granulocytes can help with monitoring potential transition to type 2 diabetes.

Total and differential white blood cell counts predict eight-year incident coronary heart disease in elderly Japanese-American men: The Honolulu Heart Program

The effects of carvacrol on tracheal responsiveness (TR) to methacholine and ovalbumin (OA), serum nitric oxide (NO) concentration, total and differential white blood cells (WBC) in blood of sensitized guinea pigs were examined. Five groups of guinea pigs sensitized to OA were given drinking water alone (group S), drinking water containing three concentrations of carvacrol (40, 80 and 160 µg/mL) and dexamethasone (50 µg/mL). TR to methacholine and OA, serum NO concentration, total and differential WBC in blood of sensitized and control guinea pigs were measured (n = 6, for each group). TR to methacholine and OA, serum level of NO and nitrite, total WBC, eosinophil and neutrophil counts were increased but lymphocyte decreased in group S compared with control group (P < 0.01 for NO and nitrite and P < 0.001 for other cases). Treatment of S animals with dexamethasone and two higher concentrations of carvacrol significantly improved all measured parameters except TR to OA in treated group with dexamethasone (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). Treatment of S animals with low concentration of carvacrol also improved TR to methacholine and OA, total WBC count and nitrite level (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). The effects of two higher concentrations of carvacrol on TR, NO and nitrite and the effects of its highest concentration on total and differential WBC count were significantly higher than those of dexamethasone (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). In addition, the effects of highest concentration of carvacrol on all parameters and its medium concentration on some parameters were significantly higher than its low concentration (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). These results showed a preventive effect of carvacrol on tracheal responsiveness, serum level of NO and nitrite, total and differential WBC in the blood of sensitized guinea pigs which was equal or even more potent than dexamethasone at used concentrations.

The association of total and differential white blood cell count with metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients

Increment of absolute neutrophil count in the third trimester and increased risk of small-for-gestational-age birth: Hirakata Risk Associated with Pregnancy Assessment Research (HIRAPAR)

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a life-threatening disease that requires urgent liver transplantation (LT). Accurate identification of high-risk patients is essential for predicting post-LT survival. The chronic liver failure consortium ACLF score is a widely accepted risk-stratification score that includes total white blood cell (WBC) counts as a component. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of total and differential WBC counts for short-term mortality following LT in patients with ACLF. A total of 685 patients with ACLF who underwent LT between January 2008 and February 2019 were analyzed. Total and differential WBC counts were examined as a function of the model for end-stage liver disease for sodium (MELD-Na) score. The association between total and differential WBC counts and 90-day post-LT mortality was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. The total WBC counts and neutrophil ratio were higher in patients with ACLF than in those without ACLF. The neutrophil ratio was significantly associated with 90-day post-LT mortality after adjustment (hazard ratio [HR], 1.04; P = 0.001), whereas total WBC counts were not significantly associated with 90-day post-LT mortality in either univariate or multivariate Cox analyses. The neutrophil ratio demonstrated a relatively linear trend with an increasing MELD-Na score and HR for 90-day post-LT mortality, whereas the total WBC counts exhibited a plateaued pattern. Neutrophilia, rather than total WBC counts, is a better prognostic indicator for short-term post-LT mortality in patients with ACLF.

BackgroundTotal and differential white blood cell counts are important for the diagnostic evaluation of suspected diseases. To facilitate the interpretation of total and differential white blood cell counts in pediatric patients, the present study investigated age-dependent changes in total and differential white blood cell counts in healthy reference children.MethodsData were obtained from the Pediatric Reference Intervals in China study (PRINCE), which aims to establish and verify pediatric reference intervals for Chinese children based on a nationwide multicenter cross-sectional study from January 2017 to December 2018. Quantile curves were calculated using the generalized additive models for location, shape, and scale method. The 2.5th, 50th, and 97.5th quantile curves were calculated for both total and differential white blood counts. Percents of stacked area charts were used to demonstrate the proportions of differential white blood cells. All statistical analyses were performed using R software.ResultsBoth 50th and 97.5th quantiles of total white blood cell count and monocyte count were highest at birth, then rapidly decreased in the first 6 months of life; relatively slow reduction continued until 2 years of age. The lymphocyte count was low during infancy and increased to its highest level at 6 months of age; it then exhibited moderate and continuous reduction until approximately 9 years of age. The pattern of neutrophil count changed with age in a manner opposite to that of lymphocyte count. Besides, there were two inter-sections of lymphocyte count and neutrophil count during infancy and at approximately 5 years of age, based on locally weighted regression (LOESS) analysis. There were no apparent age-related changes in eosinophil or basophil counts.ConclusionThese data regarding age-related changes in total and differential white blood cell counts can be used to assess the health of pediatric patients and guide clinical decisions.

To evaluate the relationships of total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count to the components of the so-called insulin resistance syndrome. The study population consisted of a random sample of 90 38-year-old healthy men with normal glucose tolerance. A 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed in all participants. Total and differential WBC count, lipids, blood pressure, plasma glucose, C-peptide and insulin (at fasting and 2 h after glucose load). Total WBC count correlated consistently with plasma 2-h glucose (r = 0.38; P < 0.001), fasting and 2-h postload insulin (r = 0.26 and r = 0.33; P < 0.01-0.001, respectively) and C-peptide (r = 0.28 and r = 0.32; P < 0.01-0.001) concentrations. Smokers had significantly higher total leukocytes (P < 0.01), neutrophils and lymphocytes than nonsmokers. Furthermore, total WBC count correlated positively with body mass index, blood pressure, plasma triglycerides, fibrinogen, and negatively with HDL cholesterol concentration. As differential WBC count, most variables correlated essentially to neutrophils and/or lymphocytes, whereas plasma insulin and C-peptide concentrations correlated essentially to lymphocytes and monocytes, but not to neutrophils. In a multiple linear regression analysis, only 2-h plasma glucose (P < 0.01) and fibrinogen (P < 0.05) were positive predictors of total WBC count after adjusting for all potentially confounding variables. The results indicate that increased, albeit normal, WBC count associates with the cluster of metabolic and haemodynamic disorders typical of the insulin resistance syndrome, and suggest that increased WBC count may be yet another component of this syndrome.

To study the association between total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count and incident stroke in an older Asian population. Prospective population-based study with 8 years of follow-up. The Honolulu Heart Program, Oahu, Hawaii. Japanese-American men aged 71 to 93 who were free of stroke and had baseline WBC counts measured in 1991-93 (N=3,342). Participants were divided into quartiles of total and differential WBC count for analysis and were followed for incident stroke (thromboembolic and hemorrhagic (hemorrhagic)) for 8 years using data from a comprehensive hospital surveillance system. Age-adjusted incident stroke rates increased significantly with increasing WBC quartile (Q1, 7.68; Q2, 9.04; Q3, 9.26; Q4, 14.10 per 1,000 person-years of follow-up, P=.001). Hazard ratios (HRs) for stroke for each quartile of total and differential WBC count were obtained using Cox regression analysis, with the lowest quartile as the reference group. After full adjustment, including age; cardiovascular risk factors; fibrinogen; prevalent coronary heart disease, cancer, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, HRs were 1.62 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.04-2.52, P=.03) in the highest quartile of total WBC and 2.19 (95% CI=1.41-3.39, P<.001) in the highest quartile of neutrophil counts. Significant associations were also seen for thromboembolic but not for hemorrhagic strokes. No significant associations were found between lymphocyte or monocyte counts and incident stroke or subtypes. In elderly Japanese-American men, higher total WBC and neutrophil counts were independent predictors of overall stroke, as well as thromboembolic stroke.

Background: Serum inflammatory mediators and white blood cells (WBC) counts in the blood of sensitized and lead exposed guinea pigs were evaluated. Methods: Guinea pigs were randomly allocated into control (C), sensitized (S) and sensitized groups exposed to three lead concentrations (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 M) during (DS) and after sensitization (PS), (n = 6 for each group). Animals were sensitized by intra-peritoneal injection and aerosol inhalation of ovalbumin (OA). Serum total protein, PLA2, IgE, histamine, total and differential WBC counts of blood were evaluated. Results: Serum PLA2, total protein, IgE, histamine, total and differential WBC counts in all three sensitized groups were significantly increased, but the percentage of lymphocyte was decreased compared to control group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Serum total protein and total WBC number in all animals exposed to lead as well as the eosinophil and histamine in animals exposed to highest lead concentration and IgE in sensitized groups exposed to lead after sensitization were significantly higher, but the lymphocyte in animals exposed to two higher lead concentrations was lower than non exposed sensitized group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The changes in all parameters in lead exposed animals after sensitization were higher than those during sensitization which was statistically significant for total WBC count in the animals exposed to low lead concentration (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Inhaled lead can increase serum total protein, PLA2, IgE and histamine levels, total and most differential WBC counts in sensitized animal which was more pronounced in animals exposed to lead after compared to those during sensitization.

Total and differential white blood cell counts, inflammatory markers, adipokines, and the metabolic syndrome in phase 1 of the clinical antipsychotic trials of intervention effectiveness study