Abstract
PurposeThe effect of eccentric (ECC) resistance exercise (RE) on myocardial mechanics is currently unknown.MethodThis study investigated ECC RE at varying intensities on left ventricular (LV) function using LV strain (ε), wall stress and haemodynamic parameters. Twenty-four healthy male volunteers completed ECC leg extensions at 20%, 50% and 80% of their ECC maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), whilst receiving echocardiograms. Global longitudinal ɛ, strain rate (SR), longitudinal tissue velocity, heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), LV wall stress and rate pressure product (RPP) were assessed at baseline and during exercise.ResultsLeft ventricular global ɛ, systolic SR and wall stress remained unchanged throughout. Systolic blood pressure (sBP), MAP and RPP increased at 80% and 50% intensities compared to rest (P < 0.01). Eccentric RE increased HR and peak late diastolic SR at all intensities compared to rest (P < 0.02).ConclusionThe findings suggest acute ECC RE may not alter main parameters of LV function, supporting future potential for wider clinical use. However, future studies must investigate the impact of multiple repetitions and training on LV function.
Highlights
In clinical practice, the current trans-thoracic echocardiogram evaluates left ventricular (LV) cavity size and wall thickness to assess structural components; whilst valve health, inflow1 3 Vol.:(0123456789)European Journal of Applied Physiology (2020) 120:539–548 velocity and ejection fraction are investigated to understand function (Wharton et al 2015)
Eccentric resistance exercise (RE) stimulated a significant increase in heart rate (HR) (P < 0.001; Fig. 4) at all intensities compared to rest
Significant increases in Systolic blood pressure (sBP) were identified at 80% and 50% intensity ECC RE (P < 0.001) in comparison to rest (80%: 132 ± 13 vs 50%: 129 ± 14 vs rest: 118 ± 8 mmHg)
Summary
The current trans-thoracic echocardiogram evaluates LV cavity size and wall thickness to assess structural components; whilst valve health, inflow1 3 Vol.:(0123456789)European Journal of Applied Physiology (2020) 120:539–548 velocity and ejection fraction are investigated to understand function (Wharton et al 2015). Research during the last decade has established longitudinal ε as an effective indicator of LV systolic function (Krishnasamy et al 2015) It has been considered a superior predictor of cardiovascular mortality when compared to ejection fraction (Kalam et al 2014; Krishnasamy et al 2015; Farsalinos et al 2015); with suggestions for potential clinical use (Smiseth et al 2016; Fine et al 2014; Farsalinos et al 2015). Understanding normal ε values during these activities may help in the development of therapeutic strategies as well as in diagnostics
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