Abstract
Due to the growing importance of controlled drug delivery systems (DDS), the main task of nanotechnology is to develop stable, effective and non-toxic nanocarriers in which the drug can be encapsulated and delivered to a specific diseased site in the patient's body. Currently, one of the most popular ways to improve the pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties of liposomes is introducing into their structure poly(ethylene glycol) chains conjugated with 1,2-disteroil-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE) molecules. Because the research so far does not give an unequivocal answer which length of PEG chains is more beneficial for liposomes properties, the aim of this work was to investigate the influence of this parameter (DSPE-PEG350, DSPE-PEG750 and DSPE-PEG2000) on model DPPC membrane. The studies were performed on monolayer and bilayer systems and were related to the surface pressure measurements, Brewster angle microscopy experiments, Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction studies, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements and the experiments with the calcein release and steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of DPH. The obtained results proved that the molecular organization of the DPPC membrane strongly depends on the length of poly(ethylene glycol) chains conjugated with DSPE. Moreover, the addition of different lengths of polymer chains changes the properties of formulated liposomes, especially their stability, permeability, size and surface charge.
Highlights
In recent decades, the drug delivery system (DDS) has become one of the most popular topics in modern pharmacology due to multiple benefits that it brings to the patient’s health
The conducted experiments allowed to investigate the influence of the poly(ethylene glycol) chain length conjugated with DSPE on the model DPPC monolayer and bilayer
The presented studies clearly show that the addition of a lipopolymer (DSPE-polyethylene glycol (PEG)) to the DPPC monolayer strongly influences the molecular organization and intermolecular interactions between the components of the investigated systems
Summary
The drug delivery system (DDS) has become one of the most popular topics in modern pharmacology due to multiple benefits that it brings to the patient’s health. In DDS the drug substance is encapsulated in special carriers (e.g. liposomes, micelles and polymeric nanoparticles) which leads to the longer and more effective therapeutic effect. Liposomes are closed spherical lipid bilayers filled with water or an aqueous solution. A lipid bilayer is composed of two sheets of tightly arranged phospholipids. The unique structure of liposomes enables the encapsulation of many different substances inside: polar (the water space inside the liposome) and non-polar (the core of the bilayer). The properties of phospholipid vesicles can be varied depending on the composition of the lipid layer, size and method
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