The effect of parental phubbing on adolescents’ smartphone addiction and phubbing behavior

Parental phubbing, problematic smartphone use, and adolescents' learning burnout: A cross-lagged panel analysis

Sexual Function and Problematic Use of Smartphones and Social Networking Sites

Phubbing is the behavior of someone who focuses on a smartphone while talking to others, ignoring other people and the social interactions that we often encounter. This study aims to identify whether there is a correlation between problematic smartphone use and academic cyberloafing with phubbing behavior among university students. The subjects of this study were 146 students in Kupang East Nusa Tenggara using quota sampling. This research instrument uses a phubbing scale, problematic smartphone use scale, and academic cyberloafing scale. Based on the results of data analysis, the first hypothesis in this study reads problematic smartphone use and academic cyberloafing correlate with phubbing behavior, which is accepted. The second hypothesis which reads problematic smartphone use positively correlates with phubbing behavior, is assumed. In the third hypothesis which reads academic cyberloafing is positively correlated with phubbing behavior, it is rejected. This study also shows that problematic smartphone use and academic cyberloafing with phubbing behavior have a relationship of 32.3% where problematic smartphone use and academic cyberloafing contribute directly to the increase in phubbing behavior, the rest is influenced by variables outside of it.

PurposeThe aims of this study were to examine (a) the effects of parental phubbing on teenagers’ mobile phone dependency and (b) the mediating roles of subjective norm and dependent intention of underlying this relationship.MethodsWe recruited 605 middle school students in Beijing, China and they completed the parental phubbing behaviors, subjective norm, dependency intention, and mobile phone dependency behavior questionnaires.ResultsThe results of the structure equation modeling revealed that parental phubbing behaviors significantly increased teenager’s mobile phone dependency behaviors in two indirect ways. First, parental phubbing reinforced teenagers’ mobile phone dependency intention, which in turn increased the likelihood of mobile phone dependency. Second, parental phubbing enhanced the tendency of parental mobile phone dependence norm perceived by teenagers, and thus reinforced their mobile phone dependency intention, ultimately increasing mobile phone dependency.ConclusionWe concluded that parental phubbing is a significant indicator of teenager mobile phone dependency and that mobile phone dependency intention plays a mediation role between them. In addition, the perceived parental mobile phone dependency norm played a mediation role between parental phubbing and mobile phone dependency intention and indirectly influenced the level of mobile phone dependency behaviors through the mediation effect of mobile phone dependency intention.

Few studies have found that parental phubbing is a vital precursor of adolescents’ problematic smartphone use (smartphone addiction). This meta-analysis uses seven studies selected from multiple electronic databases, namely Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar resulting in a total sample of 6,908 participants, in order to determine how strong the relationship between parental phubbing and smartphone addiction is in adolescents. The literature search was conducted from May 25 to 26 of 2022, limiting it to reputable journals published in English within the last 10 years from 2012 to 2021. The data analysis and the article quality assessment conducted using the Mix Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and Jamovi. The results of the meta-analysis indicate a high level of heterogeneity (89.77%), but no publication bias was found. This heterogeneity is caused by, among other things, the small number of studies, the high variations in the characteristics of the respondents, and differences in research methodologies. This study finds that parental phubbing has a medium positive correlation, i.e. r= 0.32, 95% CI = 0.241 – 0.392. Therefore, it can be concluded that parental phubbing is not the only factor that influences smartphone addiction in adolescents. Hence, future researchers can include other variables that might influence the relationship between parental phubbing and smartphone addiction in adolescents.

Parental phubbing and adolescent problematic mobile phone use: The role of parent-child relationship and self-control

Adolescence is a period of high incidence of mobile phone addiction (MPA), which can lead to negative effects on adolescents’ physical and mental health. Previous studies have revealed that parental phubbing is the core factor triggering adolescents’ MPA, however, longitudinal investigations into the impact of parental phubbing on MPA are lacking, as are studies exploring protective elements that could mitigate this relationship. Anchored in Davis’ cognitive-behavioral model and ecological systems theory, this longitudinal research examined how core self-evaluation mediates the association between parental phubbing and MPA, and how peer relationships might moderate the impact of this connection. 807 Chinese adolescents (47.6% female, mean age of 12.04 years at the first assessment) participated in a three-wave study over twelve months. The results suggest that parental phubbing significantly predicts higher levels of adolescent MPA one year later, with this effect being strongly mediated by core self-evaluation. Peer relationships play a moderating role in both the direct effect (parental phubbing to MPA) and the first half of the mediation effect (parental phubbing to core self-evaluation). Specifically, compared to adolescents with good peer relationships, the impact of parental phubbing on MPA is more pronounced among those experiencing poor peer relationships. Meanwhile, adolescents with good peer relationships exhibit a relatively weaker adverse effect of parental phubbing on their core self-evaluation, compared to those with poor peer relationships. This study reveals the moderated mediation mechanisms underlying the effect of parental phubbing on adolescent MPA and provides detailed insights into the circumstances in which parental phubbing correlates with MPA. These results provide guidance for specific prevention and intervention approaches aimed at tackling adolescent MPA within the Chinese cultural framework.

Problematic technology use needs to be tackled so that children and adolescents can reap positive benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Smartphone use has become an integral part of daily life and is also common among parents of young children. As parental problematic smartphone use can impact parents’ and children’s well-being, it is important to examine the determinants of this issue. This study examined the association between difficult temperament in toddlers, parenting stress, and parental problematic smartphone use. Results of a moderated mediation analysis utilizing data from 261 mothers and fathers of 14-month-old children showed that parenting stress fully mediated the association between difficult child temperament and parental problematic smartphone use. Parental gender did not moderate the association between parenting stress and problematic smartphone use. Parents who rated their child’s temperament as more difficult reported more parenting stress, which in turn led to higher levels of problematic smartphone use. Parenting stress is thus an important determinant of parental problematic smartphone use. Further research on stress management and parental smartphone use is needed to develop targeted interventions that promote the well-being of parents and children. Parental smartphone use should be considered holistically by taking various influencing factors and their interplay into account rather than examining them in isolation.

It has been reported that parental phubbing is a significant predictor of mobile phone addiction (MPA) among adolescents. However, the mechanisms underlying this association remain largely unclarified. On the basis of the social learning theories and ecological systems, this study assessed the mediating effect of deviant peer affiliation and the moderating effect of sensation seeking in the association between parental phubbing and MPA among Chinese adolescents. A total of 786 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 13.17 years, SD = 1.35) completed the questionnaires anonymously about parental phubbing, MPA, deviant peer affiliation and sensation seeking. After controlling for study variables, deviant peer affiliation could partially mediate the association between parental phubbing and MPA among adolescents and this indirect path could be moderated by sensation seeking. Notably, the effect of deviant peer affiliation on MPA was more pronounced in adolescents with higher sensation seeking than in those with lower sensation seeking.

Based on the I-PACE model, this study investigated the longitudinal relationship between parents' phubbing and mobile phone addiction, as well as the serial mediating effects of maladaptive cognition and ego depletion. A longitudinal study, with data collected at two time points over a six-month interval to test the proposed hypotheses. The independent variable was measured at Time 1 (T1), while the mediators and dependent variables were assessed at Time 2 (T2). A total of 591 middle school students from a city in central China was recruited to complete the parents' phubbing scale, maladaptive cognition scale, ego depletion scale and mobile phone addiction scale. (1) The correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between T1 parents' phubbing, T2 maladaptive cognition, T2 ego depletion, and T2 mobile phone addiction. (2) Maladaptive cognition was found to mediate the relationship between parent's phubbing and mobile phone addiction. Similarly, ego depletion also mediated the relationship between parent's phubbing and mobile phone addiction. Additionally, both maladaptive cognition and ego depletion functioned as serial mediators between parent's phubbing and mobile phone addiction. This study provides evidence that parental phubbing serves as a longitudinal predictor of mobile phone addiction, with maladaptive cognition and ego depletion acting as key mediators in this process.

Background and aimsStudies have demonstrated associations between both problematic smartphone and social networks use with everyday life adversities. However, examination of associations between problematic smartphone use (PSU) and problematic use of specific social networking platforms, especially on item-level data, has received relatively little attention. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore how items of problematic smartphone, Facebook, WhatsApp, and Instagram use are associated.Methods949 German-speaking adults participated in a web survey study. The participants were queried about their socio-demographics as well as levels of problematic smartphone, Facebook, WhatsApp, and Instagram use. In addition to bivariate correlation analysis, exploratory graph analysis (EGA), a type of network analysis, was conducted.ResultsThe results showed that while problematic Facebook and Instagram use seem to be distinct phenomena, problematic smartphone and WhatsApp use were heavily intertwined. Furthermore, the only cross-platform symptom observed was the extent of reported pain in wrists and neck due to digital technology use. The EGA network models showed very good stability in bootstrap analyses.Discussion and conclusionsIn general, the results of this study suggest that while Instagram and Facebook use may potentially constitute distinct problematic behaviors, problematic smartphone/WhatsApp use scales may be measuring highly similar or even the same construct.

University students are a high-risk population with problematic online behaviours that include generalized problematic Internet/smartphone use and specific problematic Internet uses (for example, social media or gaming). The study of their predictive factors is needed in order to develop preventative strategies. This systematic review aims to understand the current state of play by examining the terminology, assessment instruments, prevalence, and predictive factors associated with problematic smartphone use and specific problematic Internet uses in university students. A literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines using four major databases. A total of 117 studies were included, divided into four groups according to the domain of problem behaviour: problematic smartphone use (n = 67), problematic social media use (n = 39), Internet gaming disorder (n = 9), and problematic online pornography use (n = 2). Variability was found in terminology, assessment tools, and prevalence rates in the four groups. Ten predictors of problematic smartphone use, five predictors of problematic social media use, and one predictor of problematic online gaming were identified. Negative affectivity is found to be a common predictor for all three groups, while social media use, psychological well-being, and Fear of Missing Out are common to problematic smartphone and social media use. Our findings reaffirm the need to reach consistent diagnostic criteria in cyber addictions and allow us to make progress in the investigation of their predictive factors, thus allowing formulation of preventive strategies.

Background: Smartphone addiction is the failure to control excessive smartphone use, in spite of its negative impacts on social, psychological, physical, and economic aspects of life. The smartphones, as multifunctional device have become essential in daily life, particularly among adolescents, but excessive reliance on them can lead to behavioural addiction. Objectives The study aimed to examine the association between smartphone addiction and the characteristics of adolescents and purposes and patterns of smartphone use. Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive correlation design among 209 adolescents (105 boys and 104 girls) selected from high schools using multi-stage random sampling. Data was collected regarding the general characteristics of the adolescents as well as the pattern of usage and purposes for which they use smartphones. The level of smartphone addiction was assessed by using Smartphone Addiction Scale—Short Version (SAS-SV). The association between smartphone addiction and study variables was tested using the chi-square test. Results: Majority of adolescents (66.99%) were found at high risk for smart phone addiction, while 27.75% were addicted to smart phones. The study found a significant correlation between smartphone addiction and adolescents' gender, class/standard, purpose for use of smartphone viz educational activities, mobile games, social networking, internet browsing and pattern of smartphone usage including types of ownership of smartphone, duration of smartphone use, report of recent change in eye sight/vision, internet packages and self-perceived overuse of smartphone at the 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: The study reveals a significant relation between socio-demographic characteristics and smartphone addiction among adolescents aged 13–16 years of both gender, class, purposes and patterns of smartphone use. Smartphone use was be influenced by the socio-cultural environments in which adolescents live as well as the reasons for which they use their smartphones. Smartphone addicts spend considerable time using their smartphones, which is significantly influenced by the daily duration and purposes and patterns of smartphone usage. Keywords: Smartphone addiction; associated factors of adolescents; purposes of smartphone use; patterns of smartphone use.

Parental phubbing refers to a phenomenon in which parents are distracted by their smartphones when they interact with their children. It has become a common concern and linked to adolescents' internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. However, much remains unclear about reciprocal associations among parental phubbing, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation and the potential mechanisms underlying these associations. To address these gaps, the current study tested bidirectional relationships among parental phubbing, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation, as well as the mediating role of self-esteem. In addition, the present study examined whether these relationships varied by extraversion, gender, and perceived economic stress across three time points using a cross-lagged design. A total of 2407 Chinese adolescents (50.23% girls, Mage = 12.75, SD = 0.58 at baseline) participated in the study. The results showed that parental phubbing was associated with self-esteem as well as with suicidal ideation, and there were bidirectional relationships between self-esteem and suicidal ideation. Self-esteem significantly mediated the association between parental phubbing and suicidal ideation. Extraversion moderated the link between parental phubbing and suicidal ideation as well as self-esteem and suicidal ideation during the first year. Gender and perceived economic stress did not play a moderating role. The results indicate that parental phubbing is a new risk factor for adolescents' suicidal ideation. Parents concerned about adolescents' self-esteem and suicidal ideation should focus on minimizing the frequency of smartphone use and teach adolescents some social skills to seek more sources of social support.