Abstract
IN modern buildings, transverse openings are often used in order to pass the pipes of health services, electrical cables or air conditioning ducts and other prepuce. The presence of these openings leads to a weakening of the beam so it must work to investigate the behavior of these beams in order to know how the presence of openings affects beam resistance. In this research, the behavior of reinforced concrete T-beams with circular openings exposed to pure torsional moment is studied. The experimental program involves testing of five beams with same dimensions and reinforcements. One of them is solid beam and used as reference for comparison with other beams with an opening and the other four T- beams containing circular openings of deferent dimension(100 and 150) and location(Lc/2 and Lc/3). Practical results show that the T-beam with circular openings of diameter (100mm) with different locations (Lc/2 and Lc/3), where Lc is the clear span of the beam, have an ultimate torsional capacity lower than that for solid beam by about (23% and 30%) respectively. The increase of the openings size causes a significant decrease in torsional capacity, where the beams with circular openings of diameter (150mm) with different locations (Lc/2 and Lc/3) have an ultimate torsional capacity lower than that for solid beam by about (56 % and 61%) respectively. Practical results show also that the presence of circular openings with diameter of 47% and 71% from the total depth increases the angle of twist significantly as compared with reference beam for the same applied torque level.
Highlights
The torque determination is one of the most important types of loads that must be taken into consideration when designing the concrete structure because the structural elements that are subjected to torsional moment have dangerous and uncontrolled failure and give no attention before failure
The work includes testing of seven reinforced reactive powder concrete RPC T-beams, one beam is solid beam used as a reference and the other six beams, were beams with circular and square openings in different location from the support (Lc/2, Lc/3 and Lc/4)
The test results showed that the presence of openings in the beams web caused a reduction in the ultimate load carrying capacity by about (10-55)% depending on shape and location of opening, where beams with square and circular openings have average ultimate load carrying capacity lower by 36% and 29% respectively compared with the control beams
Summary
The torque determination is one of the most important types of loads that must be taken into consideration when designing the concrete structure because the structural elements that are subjected to torsional moment have dangerous and uncontrolled failure and give no attention before failure. Nilesh and Patel [3] studied experimentally the effect of small circular openings on the shear and flexural ultimate strength of reinforced concrete beam. The work includes testing of seven reinforced reactive powder concrete RPC T-beams, one beam is solid beam used as a reference and the other six beams, were beams with circular and square openings in different location from the support (Lc/2, Lc/3 and Lc/4). The test results showed that the presence of openings in the beams web caused a reduction in the ultimate load carrying capacity by about (10-55)% depending on shape and location of opening, where beams with square and circular openings have average ultimate load carrying capacity lower by 36% and 29% respectively compared with the control beams. The results obtained from the research showed that the increase of openings number or spacing between stirrups of the beams exposed to torsional moment decrease the ultimate torsional capacity .On the other hand, the result showed that the increase in the depth of beam increases the ultimate torsional capacity
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