The effect of non–uniform aging of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell on the polarization curve: A modeling study

Abstract

Using the variational technique we show that in PEM fuel cells, an exponential shape of the local current density along the oxygen channel provides the best cell performance. A simple method for checking the quality of the local current density distribution by comparison of two polarization curves measured at different oxygen stoichiometries is suggested. Aging processes running non–uniformly along the channel distort the optimal shape of the local current and affect the cell polarization curve. Non–uniform aging of the cathode catalyst (agglomeration) increases the activation and transport overpotentials, not changing the limiting current density. Local lowering of the GDL oxygen diffusivity decreases the cell limiting current, not affecting the activation overpotential. A combined effect of the two aforementioned processes increases the slope of the polarization curve, which may be misinterpreted as the growth of the cell ohmic resistivity. An equation for reconstruction of the local current, exchange current density and GDL oxygen diffusivity shapes from the cell polarization curve is discussed.