Abstract
The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Office in Baghdad during July 2020 to test the ability of nanomaterials (ZnO and TiO2) to inhibit ochratoxin A, which is produced by a number of microbiology (fungi) including: Aspergillus ochraceus, A. niger, ,A. steynii, A. carbonarius, Pencillume verrucosum and P. nordicum. The standard ochratoxin A, with known concentration, was treated with different concentrations of nanomaterials (20, 40, 60, and 80 ppm) and two different particle sizes of nanoparticles approximately (15 nm) and (70 nm) for each (ZnO) and TiO2; with 16 transactions. Through an examination of the HPLC, the results showed that all transactions led to a noticeable inhibition in the concentration of ochratoxin A, and the highest inhibition rate was for ZnO nanoparticles with particle-size (70 nm) and 80 ppm concentration, where the inhibition rate was 99%. In other hand, the TiO2 nanoparticles with particle-sized (70 nm) and the concentration (80 ppm) were followed by 95%.
Highlights
In a variety of disciplines, such as food science, toxicology, applied and analytical chemistry, veterinary sciences, mycology, plant science and agriculture, mycotoxins are an important concern [1]
Result and Discussion: After treating ochratoxin A with nanomaterials, the samples were examined for the concentration of the ochratoxin A with the HPLC device where it is characterized by its high efficiency and accuracy of the results, even if the concentrations are very low
The results showed a decrease in the concentration of ochratoxin A (OTA) with the increase of NPs concentration which is agreed with other researchers [27], as they detected that as the concentration of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) increased, the mycotoxin contents of animals feed were decreased till complete elimination
Summary
In a variety of disciplines, such as food science, toxicology, applied and analytical chemistry, veterinary sciences, mycology, plant science and agriculture, mycotoxins are an important concern [1]. Ochratoxins group is one of the most studied mycotoxins, containing ochratoxins A, B, C and TA [2]. During pregnancy and/or adolescence, the ingestion of foods contaminated with OTA is thought to cause testicular DNA lesions that could be promoted to testicular cancer by puberty [6]. OTA exposure can lead to genotoxicity and carcinogenicity in the formation of DNA adducts. OTA has been shown to be nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, embryotoxic, teratogenic, neurotoxic, immunotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic [7] and [11]. In 1993, the OTA was listed as a potential human carcinogen (group 2B) according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer [12], and one of the most important deleterious mycotoxins [13]. Nanoparticles (NPs) are usually atomic clusters ranging in size from 1-100 nm and show new and improved properties according to their size, distribution and morphology compared to larger particles of the bulk materials from which nanoparticles are produced [14]
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