Abstract
Leaves, stem and pneumatophore of <i>Avicennia marina</i> and leaves and stem of <i>Rhizophora mucronata</i> were used as the organic amendments at 0.1, 1 and 5% concentrations in the control of root rot fungi like (<i>Fusarium</i> spp., <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Macrophomina phasoelina</i>) and root knot nematode <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i> on potato. In pot experiments, germination of seeds, shoot length, shoot weight, root length, root weight and number of knots were significantly increased when plant parts like leaves, stem and pneumatophore of <i>A. marina</i> and <i>R. mucronata</i> were used at 1 and 5% concentrations. There was a complete suppression in infection of <i>R. solani</i> and <i>M. phaseolina</i> when <i>A. marina</i> and <i>R. mucronata</i> were used at 5% concentration on potato. Maximum inhibition of knots of <i>M. javanica</i> was observed when powder made from mangrove plant parts was used at 1 and 5% concentrations. Powder from all plant parts, like leaves, stem and pneumatophore, was effective in suppression of root infecting fungi and root knot nematode.
Highlights
Amendments provide energy and nutrients to soil, drastically changing the environment for the growth and survival of crops and micro-organisms (Drinkwater et al 1995)
The aim of the present study was to determine the suppression of root rot and root knot nematode on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) by dried powder of plant parts of A. marina and R. mucronata
Root rot fungi: In potato a maximum increase in germination of seeds was observed where A. marina leaves and stem powder was used at a 5% concentration (100%) (Tab. 1)
Summary
Amendments provide energy and nutrients to soil, drastically changing the environment for the growth and survival of crops and micro-organisms (Drinkwater et al 1995). Some organic amendments suppress soil-borne plant pathogens and several control plant-parasitic nematodes (Rodriguez - Kabana , 1986; A l i et al 2001). Soil amendment with toxic plants suppresses plant pathogens directly by releasing toxic substances like phenols, and indirectly enhancing soil micro-organisms that inhibit phytopathogens, and plant-parasitic nematodes (A l i et al.2001; Shaukat et al 2001). The soil borne root-infecting fungus, Macrophomina phaseolina, is reported to produce charcoal rot of over 500 species of plants (Sinclair , 1982). Root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. are world wide in distribution and are known to attack a wide variety of crops (Goodey et al 1965).
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