The Effect of Manganese and Bismuth on the Properties and Behavior of Calcium Phosphate

Abstract

The human bone contains 70% of calcium phosphate. Calcium phosphates were soared in biomedical research and were approached for a broad range of orthopedic and dental applications. The bioceramic material used in many biomedical applications such as dental and orthopedic application which is the total knee replacement. The main purpose of this work is to study the effect of calcium phosphate when doped with manganese and bismuth. Calcium phosphate ranging from 100 Wt%, 99.65 Wt%, 99.45Wt%, 99.25 Wt%, and 99.05Wt%, manganese constant weight percentage 0.25 Wt%, and bismuth ranging from 0 Wt%, 0.1 Wt%, 0.3 Wt%, 0.5 Wt, and 0.7 Wt%. The green samples were sintered at constant sintered temperature 1300°C. The highest value of density of 4.52 g/cm3 was obtained for CaP 99.25 Wt% doped 0.25 Wt% Mn and Bi 0.5 Wt%. For the shrinkage rate when CaP 99.25 Wt% doped 0.25 Wt% Mn and Bi 0.5 Wt% shrinks 18.20% this was beneficial to know the stronger and higher quality for the material. CaP 99.25 Wt% doped 0.25 Wt% Mn and Bi 0.5 Wt% was able to achieve the highest hardness of 378.3 HV. Maximum young’s modulus of 5.74 GPa was observed for CaP 99.45 Wt% doped 0.25 Wt% Mn and Bi 0.3 Wt% and ultimate compressive strength of 15093.2 N was observed for CaP 99.45 Wt% doped 0.25 Wt% Mn and Bi 0.3 Wt%. SEM image showed no occurrence of porosity for sintered simple at 1300°C and the average grain size was observed is 7.31 um for CaP 99.25 Wt% doped 0.25 Wt% Mn and Bi 0.5 Wt%.