The effect of land subsidence on hydrodynamic conditions in Pekalongan coast

Abstract

Due to land subsidence at Pekalongan, some areas at Pekalongan coast submerged at a rate up to 10 cm/year. This study was conducted to examine the effect of land subsidence on the hydrodynamic conditions in Pekalongan through a numerical model simulation using Delft3D. There are 2 scenarios for the numerical model, scenario 1 in 2016 and scenario 2 in 2021 after the occurrence of land subsidence at a rate of 10 cm/year. Model calibration was carried out on water level elevation and current velocity by comparing the simulation data and field data based on the variation of the Chezy number. The calibrated Chezy number parameter was 60 m0.5/s. The sensitivity test is carried out by changing the input parameters such as water level elevation, river discharge, and wave height. The sensitivity test results shows that the most sensitive parameter is wave height. The comparison of the simulation results of the two scenarios shows that the current velocity decreased by about 0.05 m/s to 0.1 m/s and the wave height increased by about 0.05 meters to 0.15 meters after land subsidence occurred. Land subsidence causes the waters in the study area to become deeper, and the results of the study show that current velocity tends to decrease and wave height tends to increase because of the land subsidence.