Abstract
Extraction is an important step in separating bioactive compounds from the plant. The selection of extraction technique is also important in the standardization of herbal products, for if not observed it can remove the desired soluble constituents. One of Indonesia’s endemic plants which have been proven to have an antioxidant activity is Salam leaves (Syzygium polyanthum). This study aims to determine the effect of extraction method on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of S. polyanthum leaves by counteracting free radicals mechanism using DPPH. The S. polyanthum leaves were extracted by maceration, soxletation, and infusa methods, and tested for the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity. The results showed that the total phenolic content of each method extration is different. The total of the phenolic content extraction by maceration, soxhlet, and infusa method respectively were 338.62±21.3; 227.72±21.6; and 144.48±8.2 mgGAE/g. The best antioxidant activity was maceration method with IC50 17.53±0.11 µg/mL followed by soxhlet and infusa which were 18.73±0.31 and 40.26±0.18 µg/mL. The research conclusion is that the extraction method has an effect on the total phenol and antioxidant activity of S. polyanthum leaves.
Highlights
Extraction is an important step in the itinerary of phytochemical processing constituents from plant materials
Selection of a suitable extraction methods is important for standardization of herbal products as it is utilized in the removal of desirable soluble compounds (Dhanani et al, 2017)
Several kinds of research showed that the extraction methods and solvent influence total phenol and total flavonoid content, and the activity of the compounds
Summary
Extraction is an important step in the itinerary of phytochemical processing constituents from plant materials. Various extraction techniques such as maceration, percolation, soxhlet, infundation, supercritical extraction, ultrasonic extraction and microwave extraction had previously been developed for discovery of bioactive compounds from plants. Several kinds of research showed that the extraction methods and solvent influence total phenol and total flavonoid content, and the activity of the compounds. The study of the extraction of Limnophila aromatica using various solvent showed that the extract obtained by 100% ethanol highest phenolic and flavonoid content and highest antioxidant activity from extract obtained by 50% aqueous acetone (Diem et al, 2013)
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