The Effect of Eggshell Waste Powder on the Material Properties of the Banana Pulp Papers

Managing food waste is key to tackling climate change

Cellular glass composites can be made of waste flat glass or bottle glass added with eggshell powder 0, 1, 3 and 5%wt and then fired at 800° and 900°C for 1 h using compression molding process. Adding eggshell powder mixed with glass cullet affects to form open and closed pores and to decrease firing temperature, thermal expansion coefficient and light weight. However, adding high amount of eggshell powder affects to form an excessively amount of open and closed pores effect to increase water absorption. The standard Thailand Industries determines water absorption of glass foam less than 25% because high water absorption affects to decrease mechanical properties. Therefore, cellular glass composites added 1, 3 and 5%wt should not be fired at temperature higher than 800°C for 1h. In addition, the cellular glass composites added 1 %wt eggshell powder and fired at 900°C for 1 h still have low water absorption and low thermal expansion coefficient. Cellular glass composites are potential to apply for many industries such as construction, petroleum and petrochemical, insulation, medical and dental applications.

The unsaturated polyester (UPE) filled silane-treated eggshell powder (ESP) composite was successfully prepared by hand lay-up technique. Different amount of treated ESP (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 php) were incorporated into UPE in order to produce UPE/ESP composite. The effect of treatment on ESP was evaluated by FTIR. The FTIR spectrum showed the removal of hydroxyl group at peak 3345.08 cm−1 after treated with silane. There is presence of silanol group at peak 1086 and 849.73 cm−1 that appear for treated ESP as well. Tensile and hardness tests were done to determine the effect of treated filler loading on mechanical properties of composite. Increased amount of ESP loading has gradually decreased the tensile strength and percentage elongation at break of the composites. However, tensile modulus and hardness has gradually increased with increased amount of ESP loading. Furthermore, composites with greater ESP loading exhibit more water absorption. Thus, treated ESP can be used as a potential filler in development of polymer composite.

Development of biomaterial fillers using eggshells, water hyacinth fibers, and banana fibers for green concrete construction

<b> </b>The mechanical and end-use properties of egg shell and fish bone powder filled polypropylene have been determined at filler contents, 0 to 40 wt. %, and particle sizes, 0.150, 0.30, and 0.420 µm. Talc, of particle size, 0.150 µm was used as the reference filler. The incorporation of egg shell and fish bone powder into polypropylene resulted in improvement in the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural, and impact strength of the composites, and these properties increased with increase in filler contents, and decrease in filler particle sizes. The elongation at break of the composites was observed to decrease with increase in filler contents, and particle sizes. The hardness, specific gravity, and water absorption (24 h) of the prepared composites were found to increase with increase in filler contents, and decease in filler particle size. Talc filled polypropylene was observed to absorb less water than fish bone or egg shell powder filled polypropylene. The amount of water absorbed by these composites was observed to be independent of filler content or particle size but on the nature of the filler used. The fillers under investigation efficiently reduced the rate of burning of polypropylene at high filler contents, and particle sizes. Generally, egg shell, and fish bone powder fillers have shown greater property improvement over talc in the prepared composites. Egg shell, and fish bone powder fillers could be viable alternatives to the conventional mineral fillers for the plastic industry, and for applications where the high water absorption of the fillers is not a critical factor of interest.

Mechanical, microstructural characteristics and sustainability analysis of concrete incorporating date palm ash and eggshell powder as ternary blends cementitious materials

Investigating the feasibility of using waste eggshells in cement-based materials for sustainable construction

Waste disposal is one of the issues that plague the society. Philippines is an agricultural country due to its strategic location in the tropics. Because of this nature, the agriculture sector tends to produce a huge amount of waste that if not disposed properly could pose a threat to the society and to the environment. With the advancement of technology, it has been a challenge for researchers to improve the quality of construction materials that is used in the industry. Studies have been performed on the possibilities of incorporating agricultural wastes to various construction materials as a form of waste diversion. In order to address the problem with agricultural wastes as well as to improve the property of construction materials, a study on coconut waste and eggshell waste was conducted as a constituent in concrete brick production. In this study, the density, compressive strength as well as the water absorption of concrete bricks with coconut charcoal powder (CCP) and eggshell powder (ESP) as replacement for fine aggregates and cement was conducted. Different mix ratios (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10% CCP with a constant value of 5% ESP in each mix ratio) were carried out and the results were compared to a control sample. From the results of the density test, the concrete bricks with 5% CCP and 5% ESP was the lightest at a density of 1678.184 kg/m3, it also showed the least water absorption at 8.58% and exhibited the highest compressive strength at 17.5 MPa.

This research studied the effect of eggshell powder as a partial replacement of cement on fresh and hardened properties of concrete. The cement was partially replaced with eggshell powder at these percentage 0%, 2.5 %, 5 %, 7.5% and 10%, (by weight of cement). The resulting concrete was compared for impact resistance, energy absorption, load-slip characteristics and ultimate bond strength. setting time (initial and final), slump, density and compressive strength also have been found. The obtaining results indicated the advantage of incorporation of eggshell powder in concrete. The concrete unit weight has not obviously affected by eggshell powder content. The 2.5% eggshell powder give the best results compared to reference mix.

Some conventional drilling fluid additives utilized to adjust drilling fluid properties can lead to many issues related to personnel safety and the environment. Thus, there is a need for alternative materials that have less impact on personnel safety and the environment. Many researchers have begun to investigate new alternatives, one example is food wastes. Due to their eco-friendly properties and their vast availability, food wastes are a good candidate that can be exploited as drilling fluid additives. In this work, five different concentrations of eggshells powder (ESP) were added to a reference fluid and the mud weight was measured using mud balance to understand the effects of ESP on mud weight. The results were compared with five concentrations of two commonly used drilling fluid additives - calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and barite. The findings showed that the drilling fluid blends with ESP have significantly outperformed the drilling fluid blends with barite and CaCO3 and for all concentrations in terms of mud weight improvement. The second best blends in terms of mud weight enhancement were the blends with barite and followed by the blends CaCO3. In conclusion, food waste material - ESP outperforming two of the most common drilling fluid additives shows a potential for ESP and other food wastes to be utilized as drilling mud additives in the petroleum industry. This will reduce the harmful chemicals disposed to the environment, reduce exposure risks of drilling crews to harmful chemicals, minimize drilling fluid cost, and revolutionize the industry while contributing to the economy overall.

Environmentally friendly polymer concrete by utilizing waste has been widely developed, one of which is sugarcane fiber waste and egg shell powder. Utilization of this waste is not optimal, for that by being used as a filler in polymer concrete, it is expected that it will have a higher economic value. This study was to determine the composition of the epoxy resin binder and the mechanical characteristics of polymer concrete fabricated using sugarcane fiber waste with an epoxy resin adhesive. Variations in composition made of sand, egg shells (1 : 1) or (50 g : 50g), bagasse waste 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% of the total weight. Epoxy resin composition variation of 20%, 25% and 30% of the total weight of sand and egg shells. Then carried out the characteristics in the form of density test, water absorption, porosity, compressive strength and tensile strength. From the test results, the characteristics of polymer concrete have optimum values, namely density (1.76 g/cm3), water absorption (4.04%), porosity (5,252%), compressive strength (26,27 MPa), tensile strength (4,06 MPa). Of the three samples, the best in the A5 sample with a sound absorption coefficient of 0.237 met the requirements of ISO and ASTM C.384.

Effect of pozzolanic wastes on mechanical properties, durability and microstructure of the cementitious mortars

Enhanced specific surface area and mechanical property of silk nanofibers aerogel for potential hemostasis applications

Co-composting of kitchen waste with agriculture and forestry residues and characteristics of compost with different particle size: An industrial scale case study

This study addresses the possibility of utilizing polypropylene plastics and eggshell wastes in the manufacture of eco-friendly floor tiles. Therefore, the research is part of the ongoing hunt for establishing sustainable alternatives for disposing off plastic and eggshell wastes around the globe. In this study polypropylene plastic wastes (PPW) are melted and used as a binder to eggshell powder (ESP) acting as a flux in the matrix. These are combined with fine aggregates. Three ternary mixes of PPW-ESP-Sand are made in the proportions of 50–0–50%, 55–10–35%, and 60–20–20%. Thirty six sample tiles of size 250 mm x 250 mm x 8 mm are cast. The physical properties of PPW, ESP, and sand are first established. Then, the effect of this PPW and ESP on the flexural strength, impact resistance, density, and water absorption of floor tiles made are investigated. Specifically, the bulk density of PPW, ESP and sand were 370, 1280, and 1700 Kg/m3 and specific gravities were 0.93, 2.54, and 2.64 respectively. Meanwhile, PPW–ESP–Sand mix of 60-20-20% had the lowest water absorption at 0.15% and also the lowest density of 1570Kg/m3, and the highest modulus of rupture of 11.7kN/mm2 compared to conventional ceramic tile at 3.9KN/mm2. The tile manufactured from the mix of 60-20-20% also exhibited the highest resistance to impact damage although all samples had a coefficient of restitution (e=0). In conclusion, the study presents a novel finding of combining two wastes replacing conventional non-renewable resources of clay and feldspar to produce eco-friendly tiles. Therefore, implementing the findings will facilitate achieving United Nations sustainable development goals (SDG), i.e. goal 12 of responsible consumption and production.