Abstract
Up to day, drip irrigation systems have reached to a high level of technology. But, these systems are not able to showtheir potential benefits, due to various reasons. Emitter clogging can affect distribution uniformity and the systemperformance, which has direct relationship with water quality. In this study five types of emitters with different nominaldischarges, with or without self-flushing system and with or without pressure compensating system were evaluatedunder three management schemes; untreated well water (S1), acidic treated water (S2) and magnetic treated water (S3)in order to reduce chemical clogging. Flow reduction rate, statistical uniformity coefficient (Uc), emission uniformitycoefficient (Eu) and variation coefficient of emitters’ performance in the field (Vf) were monitored. The emitterperformance indexes (Uc and Eu) decreased during the experiment due to emitter clogging. The Uc and Eu values indifferent management schemes confirmed that the acidification has better performance than the magnetic water in orderto control emitter clogging and keep high distribution uniformity. Regarding to Vf values, the priority of untreated andtreated water was as S2>S3>S1 for each emitter.
Highlights
Up to day, drip irrigation systems have reached to a high level of technology
The results of this study showed that the application of well saline water in drip irrigation system have the potential to induce emitter clogging
It was found that the flow rate reduction in emitters is affected by emitter characteristics and water treatment methods
Summary
Drip irrigation systems have reached to a high level of technology. But, these systems are not able to show their potential benefits, due to various reasons. The Uc and Eu values in different management schemes confirmed that the acidification has better performance than the magnetic water in order to control emitter clogging and keep high distribution uniformity. Partial or complete clogging drastically reduces water application uniformity (Nakayama and bucks, 1981) and decreases irrigation efficiency and crop production. Bucks and Nakayama (1982) proposed an irrigation water quality classification for potential clogging hazard They classified the hazard into three main categories of physical, chemical and biological clogging that play major roles in the clogging process. Magnetic treatment (MT) of hard water is currently used to prevent scale formation on hot surfaces, in particular in heat exchangers, as well as in domestic equipments. The Various contradictory hypotheses have been suggested that principle of this phenomenon has not attributed these to the Lorentz forces b&een F qun.v&deursB&tooedxewretelld
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