Abstract
The article presents the results of the study of the shift in the morphological parameters of the leaves of three species of the genus Spiraea L. growing under the conditions of transport-caused and industrial pollution in large industrial citi of Western Siberia (Novosibirsk) in comparison with that in background conditions (reference). The morphological indices (length, width, perimeter, and area of the lamina) were determined by digital image analysis using the Maplnfo software. The anthropogenic impacts induced a reduction in the size of the assimilating organs and an increase in the index of the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaves of urban plants compared to background plants. According to the fluctuating asymmetry index, the environmental quality of the Lenin district of Novosibirsk was assessed as critical, meanwhile that of the reference conditions corresponded to the norm.
Highlights
The environmental situation in large industrial cities of Western Siberia, including Novosibirsk, over the past 20-30 years remains tense
The reference plants were the bushes of the same age growing in a forest land at the territory of Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science situated in the Sovetskiy district of Novosibirsk (Academy town) with a relatively favorable ecological situation
Results of the morphological analysis indicated a decrease in leaf blade surface, length, and width in plants from urban plantings compared to the control, regardless of species and year of observation, in three years under anthropogenic pollution (Table 1)
Summary
The environmental situation in large industrial cities of Western Siberia, including Novosibirsk, over the past 20-30 years remains tense. Objective information on the state of the urban environment allows one to reveal and analyze responses of the biota to technogenic pollution. Plants show different resistance to pollution by pollutants, so an important task is to find plants both tolerant to excess pollutants and sensitive to anthropogenic stress to identify the impact of anthropogenic factor on plant objects. Species of the genus Spiraea L. are ecologically plastic, gas-tolerant, grow and flower well in urban environments [8]. The bioindicator properties of these plants for the evaluation of environmental pollution were reported in a number of works. The goal of the work was to determine changes in leaf morphometric parameters of three Spiraea species under the influence of anthropogenic stress and to identify the plant response to pollution to assess environmental quality
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