Abstract
We develop an abstract model to explore specialization and generalization in task performance by individuals within biological populations. Individuals follow simple rules of increasing and decreasing task propensities that could, for example, be based on learning and forgetting. The model does not explore efficiency per se, but makes the prediction that where behavioural specialization occurs in nature, organisms, are likely to be reaping sufficient benefits from improved handling efficiency to offset the costs of increased search time. A second prediction is that among specialists, there will be a trade-off between stability and responsiveness. The model reveals potential similarities between a wide range of complex biological systems.
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