The Diversity of Islamic Javanese Kings’ Waqf Management: Ruislag and Various Social Conflicts

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The main benefit of waqf (endowment) assets is fundamentally for the welfare of the community. However, various conflicts often occur within waqf management, such as among nāẓir (waqf managers) and bureaucrats, including that on waqf ruislag (ibdāl) in Kendal, Semarang, and Demak affected by the national road project. Taking the cases as a sample, this research aims to explore various management and utilization of waqf assets, to examine diversity in land exchange involving waqf lands from Javanese kings, and to uncover various conflicts in management and exchange of waqf assets. This study employs a socio-anthropological approach with qualitative analysis. Data were collected through interviews with nāẓir, officials from the Ministry of Religious Affairs, and engaging foundation's staff. Additionally, the research involved reviewing waqf asset records, examining documents, and conducting necessary observations. The findings of this study are: First, a wide variety of waqf assets are managed in different forms, serving various purposes such as education, healthcare, and other social benefits services. Second, as some waqf assets have been impacted by the national road project, ibdāl waqf, when considered for maṣlaḥah ‘āmmah (public benefit), took place under consideration that a particular Islamic law school and Law No. 4 of 2004 allowed it. Third, the ibdāl has given rise to various conflicts involving waqf institutions, foundations, or legal entities. Therefore, conflict prevention is very important for waqf asset governance based on nāẓir collective awareness, regulations, and resolution.

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  • Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Polmanbabel
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Literacy problems regarding the use of productive waqf assets are still minimal at the waqf manager level in Paya Bujok Teungoh village, West Langsa District, Langsa City. Community waqf literacy is still low where people only know waqf is limited to its use for houses of worship, education and burial places. Professionalism of nazhir (waqf asset manager) where most waqf managers are still individual nazhirs or institutions that are extensions of the amil zakat institution. The competency of nazhir, the majority of whom come from amil zakat institutions, must be improved, especially regarding the skills needed in managing waqf assets, such as entrepreneurship or investment managers (asset management), so that professionalism can be formed among nazhir (waqf asset managers). Nazir also needs to look at opportunities that can improve the economic prosperity of local communities in the Waqf Ecosystem. Village policies regarding waqf, for example provisions if there are individuals or community groups who want to donate their assets, can also do so by giving (transfer) by way of gift, sale and purchase and inheritance. The dedication carried out aims to solve literacy problems regarding the use of productive waqf assets that are still minimal at the Nazhir level in Paya Bujok Teungoh Village, West Langsa District, Langsa City. The methodology used in this service is carried out with an Asset Based for Community Development (ABCD) approach where this method is very relevant to the problems faced, namely related to nazhir literacy in terms of waqf asset management in Paya Bujok Teungoh Village, Langsa City. This ABC method is an effort to increase community assets, in this case waqf assets that are already owned through increasing productive waqf literacy. After carrying out service to nazhir and waqf asset managers, PKM participants understand the concept of waqf as the sacrifice of property or assets for social purposes and public good and waqf is not just a donation, but a permanent transfer of asset ownership for a specific purpose. Participants also understand that knowledge about the types of waqf is adequate, including various types of waqf, such as productive waqf, agricultural productive waqf, educational productive waqf, and so on. This is important so that participants can choose the type of endowment that suits their goals and vision. PKM participants already have knowledge about waqf management, managing waqf assets well. This includes an understanding of the investment, care, and use of waqf proceeds to achieve desired social and economic goals.

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Waqf Institution and Management Cash Waqf During The Ottoman Period
  • Jun 2, 2022
  • International Journal of Islamic Business and Economics (IJIBEC)
  • Iskandar

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Implementation of Syirkah Principles (Partnership) in the Establishment of a Waqf Asset Management Company
  • Dec 30, 2023
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The waqf institution is one of the economic potentials in Islam which in its history has made a major contribution to the progress of human civilization, including improving economic welfare in society. Managing waqf in a trustworthy and professional manner is important to increase waqf assets and benefits. In this case, the nazhir plays an important role in managing waqf both independently and in collaboration with business entities. Partnerships can be entered into by nazhir with various parties including the Company. In Islamic Law, we recognize the concept of Syirkah (partnership) for business collaboration, including in the formation of companies. This research examines how syirkah as a concept of economic cooperation originates from Islamic law in nazhir partnerships managing waqf assets including the potential for forming waqf-based companies. The analysis method is a normative juridical, namely through a legal approach, both national law and Islamic law, which is supported by empirical data in the field related to companies that manage waqf. Through this article, it is hoped that we can provide an appropriate model for implementing the syirkah/partnership concept in waqf management, including the concept of forming a waqf-based company that can be offered to increase the professionalism of waqf management. Syirkah as the basic concept of company formation in Islam, can be integrated into the formation of a company to manage waqf assets. syirkah amlaak which comes from joint ownership assets that are donated and managed productively, then the results are distributed according to the purpose of the waqf pledge. Besides that, the principles of syirkah inan and syirkah mudharabah can also be applied, which are components of cash waqf that are used as business capital and the profits for the purpose of waqf. An interesting new paradigm for collaboration between waqf and companies includes the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Program. Through the CSR Program, Waqf Management will synergize with company activities in a professional and sustainable manner.

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AN ANALYSIS OF WAQF MANAGEMENT IN TERMS OF WAQF LAW NO. 41 YEAR 2004 (Study on Waqf Management by Branch Head of Muhammadiyah 1 to 13 Banjarmasin)
  • Mar 7, 2016
  • Mairijani Mairijani

Abstract: In some countries, waqf isused as media for walfare of people. It is also possible to be implemented in Indonesia, where the majority of its population is Muslim, if properly managed waqf. The government issued a regulation that Law No. 41 Year 2004 on Waqf in an attempt to achieve these expectations. The method used in this research is a juridical approach, analyzing the management of waqf held by PCM (Branch Head of Muhammadiyah) 1 to 13 Banjarmasin in perspective Law No.41 Year 2004 on Waqf. Muhammadiyah is one of nadzir with legal form in accordance to the Decree of the Minister of Home Affairs No. SK 14/DDA/1972 on appointment Muhammadiyah as a legal entity, therefore Muhammadiyah Central, Regional and Branch entitled appointed as nadzir, including Branches Head of Muhammadiyah in Banjarmasin. Nadzir responsibility is to manage the assets of waqf, either by registering waqfassets as well as develop the waqf assets and expansion waqf assets through productive business. Based on the result of the research, it is illustrated that from 88 waqf assets in all Branches Head of Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin only 41 assets that registered in the name of Muhammadiyah. The development of the existing assets still consumptive, such as mosque, maqbarah, and others, it should be developed through productive business, for example built of? ces, outlets, pharmacies, hotels, conference halls, home industries, and plantations. In fact there is an opportunity for Branches Head of Muhammadiyah to manage HTR (Plantation Forest), the funding provided by the Government in the revolving loan fund, which ultimately waqf assets is not only bene? cial but can also be a source of funds (fundraising).

  • Research Article
  • Cite Count Icon 2
  • 10.47467/reslaj.v2i1.133
MANAJEMEN WAKAF BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI BLOKCHAIN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIFITAS NADZIR DAN KEBIJAKAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
  • Jun 20, 2020
  • Reslaj : Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal
  • Azizah Mursyidah + 1 more

ABSTRACT
 This study aims to examine the management of waqf-based blokchain technology in increasing nadzir productivity and sustainable development goals policies. The method used is a qualitative analytical method with content analysis and data sources is a fact that occurs in waqf management based on blockchain technology taken through observation, interviews and literature review. The results of the study found that the management of Waqf by using blockchain technology was able to increase the income of waqf funds because it guaranteed the transparency between waqf and nadzir. This year the Indonesian Waqf Agency is in the process of blockchain technical towards increasing productivity this year and going forward. Obstacles BWI applies blockchain technology in Indonesia due to the lack of waqf human resources with expertise in technology. In realizing blockchain technology in its data institutions, the results of the National Coordination Board of Indonesia Waqf Board results were delivered by the Deputy Chairman of BWI, Imam Teguh Saptono. First, improve waqf literacy through various innovative programs. Like waqf to campus / school programs, including waqf material in the religious education curriculum and sermon themes. Second, building a national waqf information system that is integrated and easily accessible to the public. Third, utilizing information technology and financial market developments such as fintech, crowdfund, blockchain in collecting waqf. The fourth recommendation is the acceleration of the certification of waqf assets in the context of protecting national waqf assets. Fifth, increase professionalism and nadzir capacity through nadzir certification programs. Sixth, revitalizing the role of BWI as a national waqf nadzir institution. The seventh recommendation of the results of the National Coordination Meeting for Endowments in Indonesia, encouraging the acceleration of the revision of Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning endowments, and structuring or making BWI regulations as needed. Eighth, arrange BWI public service standards and improve the quality of BWI's human resources towards maximum public services. The ninth recommendation is to increase the synergy between BWI and the Ministry of Religion in advancing national representation. Tenth, improve coordination and synergy with law enforcement and waqf stakeholders in the context of protecting waqf assets. The eleventh recommendation is to carry out a memorandum of agreement between BWI representatives of districts, cities, provinces and BPN, districts, cities, provinces. The last recommendation is to appeal to individual nadzir to convert to nadzir legal entities. Productive waqf management using blockchain can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of waqf management from two sides. First, if waqf and Nazhir are connected to a blockchain system, then the donation transaction can be done with a high level of transparency. Secondly, if blockchain based waqf can reach global waqf waqf, then it is very possible for waqf from one country to represent in another country, especially a country that needs development funding.
 Keywords: Management of Waqf, Blockchain, Nadzir, SDG

  • Research Article
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The Nadzir’s Role in Waqf Empowerment for General Welfare (Case Study in the Nadzir of Universitas Islam Malang Foundation)
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  • International Journal of Social and Local Economic Governance
  • Anisa Fitria Utami + 2 more

The purpose of this research is to find out the role of the nadzir in developing waqf assets for general welfare. The management of productive waqf for general welfare that conducted by The Nadzir of Univesitas Islam Malang Foundation. The Nadzir of Universitas Islam Malang Foundation received 2 bilion Rupiahs funds from Kementerian Agama that acted as the waqif. The waqf fund are from Anggaran Belanja dan Pendapatan Negara Perubahan with purpose as the pilot program of productive waqf fund management. In order to run the role, The Nadzir of Universitas Islam Malang Foundation is stick with the sharia law and UU No. 41 Tahun 2004. The role of Universitas Islam Malang’s nadzir is suitable with the duties and roles that listed on UU No 41 Tahun 2004. The duties and roles are first, accepting and administrating the waqf asset. Second, managing and developing waqf asset through build VIP Rooms, Al-Khaibar Minimarket and Go Fish Restaurant. Third, keep the waqf asset through pledging the waqf asset to Bank Muamalat and fourth, reporting the waqf asset management to Kementerian Agama as waqif.

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  • Research Article
  • 10.37680/ssa.v1i2.2949
PENGELOLAAN WAKAF PRODUKTIF UNTUK KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA SUMBERBENING (Studi Kasus MWC NU Kecamatan Balerejo Kabupaten Madiun)
  • Jul 17, 2023
  • Social Science Academic
  • Nafiah Nafiah + 2 more

Waqf is a form of Muamalah Maliyah (property) which has long been known by the community for a long time. Excess assets owned by a person, should be a positive tool that can be used in social interaction to help each other and help each other. Regarding the issue of waqf, the government seriously issued Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf to become the momentum to realize waqf productively, because in this Law, waqf contains a very broad dimension, covering immovable assets including cash waqf, not limited to establishments places of worship and social religion. In the Balerejo sub-district, the management of productive waqf is still very minimal. Broadly speaking, the management of waqf is only used for places of worship. This fact has become an encouragement for the MWC NU Balerejo sub-district in developing the economic development of the people through waqf assets. So the MWC NU Balerejo is trying to manage a plot of land waqf in Sumber Bening Village which was originally in the form of paddy fields for the construction of MWC buildings and minimarkets in order to empower the waqf land to become productive waqf land for the welfare of the community. in Sumberbening Village, Balerejo District, Madiun Regency (2) What are the driving and inhibiting factors for productive waqf management in Sumberbening Village, Balerejo District, Madiun Regency. This research was conducted qualitatively with observation, interview and documentation procedures. Based on data analysis it was concluded that the productive waqf management mechanism of MWC NU Balerejo is by collecting assets (capital), productive and developing waqf assets and the last is distributing the waqf proceeds to the community. In order to achieve waqf management that provides benefits for improving the welfare of the community, especially business actors, orphans, the poor and the dhuafa. Factors supporting the management of this waqf are the existence of professional nazirs in managing productive waqf, while the inhibiting factors are the lack of public understanding of waqf, geographical factors and lack of support costs.

  • Research Article
  • Cite Count Icon 1
  • 10.55357/ijrs.v1i2.127
Nadzir's Responsibility for the Crime of Embezzlement of Waqf Assets by Other Parties Based on Indonesian Written Law
  • Sep 30, 2020
  • International Journal Reglement & Society (IJRS
  • Faisal Faisal

Law Number 41 of 2004 Article 11, states that: "Nadzir has the task of administering waqf assets, managing and developing waqf assets in accordance with their objectives, functions and designations, supervising and protecting waqf assets, reporting on the implementation of tasks to the Waqf Board. Indonesia". In Article 1 and Article 2 of the Regulation Government No. 28 of 2004 states that the purpose of waqf property is for the benefit of worship or other public interests in accordance with Islamic teachings. In practice, Nadzir often finds errors or omissions in carrying out his duties and functions as managers and supervisors of waqf assets. The crime of embezzlement of waqf property is not uncommon in Indonesia. For this reason, of course, Nadzir as supervisor and manager must have responsibility for these errors or omissions, responsibility for criminal acts of embezzlement in accordance with the laws and regulations in force in Indonesia. The procedure used to collect data in this study is in the form of documentation, namely the guidelines used in the form of notes or quotes, searching for legal literature, books and others related to the identification of problems in this study both offline and online. Analysis of legal materials is carried out using the content analysis method (centent analysis method) which is carried out by describing the material of legal events or legal products in detail in order to facilitate interpretation in the discussion. The task of nadzir who has such a large responsibility emphasizes that waqf will not be able to run if nadzir cannot manage it. So it is clear that the functioning or not of the waqf is very dependent on the nadzir as the party who receives the waqf property to be managed and developed properly. Thus it can be said that nadzir as waqf manager must be better prepared in carrying out his duties, so that what the waqif wants can be accomplished. Nadzir in the Waqf Law has a very important position, in addition to being able to manage and develop waqf assets, nadzir can also determine the designation of waqf assets as long as the wakif does not determine it and if the wakif also agrees with the allocation of waqf assets proposed by nadzir. The importance of the position of nadzir in the process of waqf management in Indonesia is as an institution that plays a role in the long-term vision of the institution, so in its development the waqf law mandates that nadzir both institutions and individuals must be listed in the waqf pledge deed.

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