The dissemination of China’s development culture in Africa: current status and prospects

Current status specifiers for patients at clinical high risk for psychosis

Research comparing patient and caregiver perceptions suggests that caregivers tend to be negatively biased in their assessment of patients. That is, they are more likely to judge the patients' status more negatively than the patients themselves. The data analyses, however, have not always been as informative about the extent of disagreement. Our data on the extent to which patients who had a myocardial infarction and their nurses' assessments differed suggest that, in the case of the patients' current status, there were no differences in the aggregate between patients' and nurses' assessments. Examination of the discrepancies between the pairs, however, suggests that in some cases nurses are more negative in their assessments than their patients. In the case of beliefs about the future, nurses were significantly more negative, in the aggregate, than patients, and the extent of this difference is further elaborated in the examination of the discrepancies. Nevertheless, with respect to both current and future status, the correlations between patients and nurses were low, indicating little, if any, shared variation. Because this study did not examine the relationship between either patients' or nurses' perceptions of recovery status, and the patients' actual recovery status, further research is needed to further determine the implications of this work. The meaning of these results for clinical nurse specialists (CNS) is discussed.

Immigrants' employment is linked with health care access in the US, but we lack a thorough understanding of how immigrants' experiences of employment exclusions influence their health care access in the context of immigrant racialization. We aimed to assess employment exclusions (i.e., exclusions from jobs and violations at work) across Asian and Latine foreign-born adults, the two largest immigrant racial groups, and their associations with health care access. We also sought to understand variations by race, and current or past legal status. We used 2018-2020 Research on Immigrant Health and State Policy survey data from 2,010 Latine and Asian foreign-born adults in California. We measured seven indicators of employment exclusions and used weighted logistic regression to estimate associations between employment exclusions and health care access: usual source of care and delaying care in the past 12 months. We tested race, current legal status and past legal status as moderators. Nearly one-quarter (23.8%) of respondents reported ≥1 employment exclusion. Latine racial identity, current status as a non-citizen without permanent residency, and being previously undocumented was associated with greater employment exclusions. Employment exclusions were associated with 1.47 times (95% CI: 1.27, 1.69) greater odds of delaying care. Previous undocumented status, but not race or current legal status, moderated associations between violations at work and delay in care. Latine immigrants face a greater number of barriers to employment opportunities and protections of worker rights compared to Asians, while employment exclusions and past legal status drives poorer health care utilization.

The Endangered Hog Deer Axis porcinus has experienced drastic population declines throughout its geographical range. There is limited knowledge of its current population status, particularly from northeastern India. In this study the population density of Hog Deer was assessed in Manas National Park, which was a deer stronghold prior to the armed conflict that lasted for almost two decades, resulting in depressed deer populations. With the cessation of conflict, efforts were invested by both government and conservation organisations for the recovery and conservation of charismatic fauna in the park. Studies on Hog Deer populations, however, were lacking and thus reliable information on current status is unavailable. Current population status and threats faced by Hog Deer were assessed to aid informed conservation decisions. Distance sampling techniques (line transects) were applied in the grassland habitat during the dry season of two consecutive years. The estimated Hog Deer density was 18.22±3.32 km-2. The potential threats to Hog Deer identified in Manas include habitat loss, habitat degradation due to spread of invasive plant species, illegal hunting, and other anthropogenic disturbances. Our study suggests that the Hog Deer population, though reviving, needs immediate conservation attention.

1. Objectives: This clinical study was conducted to understand the differences between Sasang constitutional types and to identify the physical symptoms presentation specific to each Sasang constitutional type. 2. Methods: In this descriptive study, 2,629 subjects (1,061 Taeeum-type, 683 Soeum-type, 885 Soyang-type) were surveyed between Nov 1, 2007 and Jul 31, 2010. The subjective symptoms experienced by the subjects were collected using a Physical Symptoms questionnaire, and the subjects were interviewed by Sasang specialists who determined the subjects' constitutional type. The data (in crude number and percentage) was analyzed on the general characteristics, Sasang constitutional type, and physical symptoms using the SPSS 17.0 software. The symptomatic presentation in men and women were analyzed on Sasang constitutional distribution using the chi-square test. 3. Results: 1) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type were as follows: 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'lingering fatigue after sleep', 'headache', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration' and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type; and 'excessive forgetfulness' in the Soyang type. 2) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in men were as follows: 'Unilateral or bilateral headaches, 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'common cold symptoms presenting as rhinorrhea or nasal congestion', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 3) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in women were as follows: 'common cold symptoms presenting as headaches', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'pain in knees', 'redness of eyes', 'dryness of mouth', 'common cold symptoms presenting as coughing', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration', 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 4. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that physical symptoms present in constitutional type-specific patterns. Understanding of the personal Sasang constitutional type and systematic, personalized healthcare based on constitutional typology is anticipated to contribute to improved health management strategy.

Introduction: Providing the nutritional requirements of agricultural crops by non-chemical resources is a new approach in the organic farming that has attracted the attention of both the researchers and the consumers in recent years. Therefore, it is highly important to find new fertilizer resources that are both economically able to provide the nutritional needs of the crop plants and have no adverse effects on the consumers and the environment. Materials and Methods: With this approach, an experiment was conducted in the research station of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran in 2012-13. The experimental design was factorial based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The treatments including Mycorrhizal fungi in three levels (i.e. no use of strain; use of Glomus intraradices strain; and use of Glomus mosseae strain), bacteria Azospirillum lipoferum in two-levels (i.e. non-inoculated and inoculated) and wheat cultivars in three levels (i.e. Chamran; Dena; and Behrang). The measured parameters include the concentration of macronutrients (i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and some micronutrients (i.e. zinc, iron and manganese) in two part seed and the root of wheat. Results and Discussion: Surveying the elements content in the root and the grain indicated a significant and positive effect of the use the Azospirillum and Mycorrhiza to improve the concentration of the elements in wheat cultivars. However, the simultaneous use of these microorganisms led to an increase of the effects of their application on their assessed traits.Finally the highest concentration of N (2.21 present), P (0.50 present) and Fe (33.88 mg.kg-1) were observed in the grain; the highest concentration of K (0.93 present and 0.54 present) and Mn (43.11 and 23.63 mg.kg-1) were observed in the grain and root, respectively. Moreover, the highest concentration of Zn in the root (19.70 mg.kg-1) was obtained from inoculation of C.V Dena seeds with Azospirillum and the use of G. mosseae. Also, in the general case of Mycorrhiza fungi use (between 6 to 20 present) and seed inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum (between 8 to 25 present), the improved nutrient content in the seeds as well as greatest impact of Mycorrhiza use is in increasing the content of the grain Zn (20 present) and the lowest effect of Mycorrhiza using is in increasing the nitrogen content in seed (6 percent). Considering the elements content in the grain, the use of bacteria also showed that the greatest impact on increasing the use of bacteria Azospirillum lipoferum is in increasing the iron content in seeds (25 present) and the least impact of the use of Azospirillum lipoferum is in increasing the seed’s manganese (8 present). Moreover, the use of Mycorrhiza fungi (between 7 and 23 present) and seed inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum (4 to 16 present) improved the contents of nutrients in wheat roots compared with the control group. Here, too, the greatest impact for Mycorrhiza application was in increasing the content of the Zn in the root (23 present) and the lowest effect of Mycorrhiza application was in increasing the potassium content in the root (7 percent). Moreover, considering the elements content in the roots in the case of being treated with Azospirillum lipoferum, the results showed that upon increasing the use of bacteria, the greatest impact of Azospirillum lipoferum in increasing elements content in the roots was an increased iron content in the root (16 present) and the minimum effect of the bactericidal application was in increasing the potassium root (4 present). Comparing the two species of Mycorrhizal fungi that have been used in the experiment, although application Glomus intraradices showed satisfactory results, the use of the species Glomus mosseae to increase the content of the element in seeds and roots has had a greater role. Moreover, the combined effects of these microorganisms have not only had an antagonistic effect of reducing the amount of content, they have also been more effective than being applied separately (between 7 and 12 present). Conclusion: Generally associated with most of the measured elements, the treatment of seed inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum and usage of Glomus mosseae in Dena cultivar that was a durum wheat, showed the highest concentration of the mentioned elements in the roots and seeds. Probably this has been due to the smaller grains in Dena than the other cultivars, which led to an increase in the ratio of the elements in the grain. Therefore, it seems that the use of the biofertilizers can be the perfect solution to eliminate the nutritional requirements of wheat. Moreover, it has the very important effect of the enrichment of this crucial product in the people’s dietary patterns in this country with the required elements. Keywords: Azospirillum, Nutrition, Wheat, Root, Elements concentration, Mycorrhiza

Teaching quality assessment constitutes a pivotal component of talent cultivation in higher education institutions. However, conventional methods of evaluating teaching quality suffer from drawbacks such as delayed assessment, subjective bias, pronounced randomness, procedural complexity, and one-sided evaluation. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology presents new solutions to overcome these limitations inherent in conventional assessment practices. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the current application status, opportunities, and challenges of AI in teaching quality assessment. Initially, the deficiencies of existing methods employed in assessing teaching quality are outlined. Subsequently, the current research status of AI methods in teaching quality assessment are summarized. Furthermore, the opportunities presented by AI in this field are analyzed. Finally, the potential challenges associated with the application of AI technologies in the assessment of teaching quality are presented.

Polymer gel materials are formed by physically crosslinking and chemically crosslinking to form a gel network system with high mechanical properties and reversible performance. Due to their excellent mechanical properties and intelligence, polymer gel materials are widely used in biomedical, tissue engineering, artificial intelligence, firefighting and other fields. Given the current research status of polymer gels at home and abroad and the current application status of oilfield drilling, this paper reviews the mechanism of polymer gels formed by physically crosslinking and chemically crosslinking, summarizes the performance characteristics and the mechanism of action of polymer gels formed by non-covalent bonding, such as hydrophobic bonding, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and Van der Waals interactions interactions, and covalent bonding such as imine bonding, acylhydrazone bonding and Diels-Alder reaction. The current status and outlook of the application of polymer gels in drilling fluids, fracturing fluids and enhanced oil recovery are also introduced. We expand the application fields of polymer gel materials and promote the development of polymer gel materials in a more intelligent direction.

Background: Culture plays an important role in social changes; cultural development is essential for social development. The main objective of this research was to determine the current status and optimal state of cultural development and propose a better paradigm at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. For doing so, eight cultural development components were examined using Georges’ theory. Methods: The statistical population consisted of all 270 employees and managers of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The participants of the present descriptive study consisted of 160 employees and managers (104 managers and 56 employees) of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The sample size was chosen via cluster random sampling method calculated by Morgan table. A questionnaire assessing participants’ current and optimal status was completed. The questionnaire’s reliability was confirmed by Cronbach alpha with a coefficient of 90. The content validity of the questionnaire was measured by employees’ opinions. SPSS 16 was used for the statistical analysis. Results: Assessing the effective factors on cultural development indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between current and optimal status (p<0.001) (95% CI: 1.435.00). Results indicated that there is a significant difference in cultural development between current status and optimal state among the staff of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Conclusion: The results of the research show that cultural education in its optimal state is of higher rank than other indicators. Thus it seems necessary to pay more attention to cultural development and sustainable development.

With the development of fetal medical imaging and minimal invasive interventional therapy, fetal cardiac intervention has taken into clinical practice in few medical centers.Fetal cardiac therapy may alter the abnormal hemodynamics of fetal circulation, which can lead to recruit hypoplastic ventricle, to create a two-ventricle circulation after birth, to remodel the fetal pulmonary vascular bed whose outlet is obstructed, and to provide a better prognosis for the suffered children.However, according to the limitations and risks of this cutting edge technique, as well as the dilemmas to balance the interests among fetus, mother/parents and doctor/medical institution, ethical challenges never fade away ever since the first beginning in this rising field.Following the encouraging research results published, the risk of the technique has been partly taken control.So in current status, how to balance the interests among three participants and to establish optimal routine clinical practice are the most challenging problems. Key words: Fetal cardiology; Prenatal therapy; Ethics

Currently, sport is considered an entertainment and leisure industry and includes activities such as athletics, water, and skiing. The influence of a sport event exceeds the event itself, which indicates the importance of a sport facility to the building and construction. A sport facility refers to a facility related to the sport industry, mainly including not only stadiums, swimming pools, and sport centers, but also water parks, ski resorts, and other amusement facilities. At present, there is a lack of comprehensive exploration of integrated building information modeling (BIM) with sport and facilities and performance of applications to help identify potential opportunities to support sustainable development. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the integration of BIM, sport, and facility by revealing the current research status and hotspots in the field, which identifies the development lineage and emerging areas of the research and highlights the development trends and directions for future research towards sustainable development. This paper adopts a quantitative research method to investigate the current research status, hotspots, emerging areas, development trends, and important directions in the integration of BIM, sport, and facilities from macro-quantitative perspectives via bibliometric tools, i.e., VOSviewer and CiteSpace software packages. The main findings of this paper are that the hot keywords on the integration of BIM, sport, and facilities are mainly focused on BIM, facility management, framework, management, sport, construction, and design. Moreover, over the past 26 years (year 1997 to 2022), hot keywords for each year have been revealed through keyword co-occurrence overlay visualization analysis and identified in five schemes, i.e., life cycle assessment, emerging technology, behavior and sport, health and wellbeing, and sustainable built environment. Furthermore, the application of deep learning, IoT, and immersive experience technologies are current hot topics which could provide more innovative breakthroughs for the integration of BIM, sport, and facilities in the future for sustainable development.

I briefly review the current experimental status of the search for evidence of a Critical Point and other features in the phase diagram of nuclear matter. I then present the future prospects for turning these trends and suggestive features into definitive conclusions.

This research report is a revised version based on an original research on the current publication status of Japanese literature in ＂The Investigation Program for Current and Emerging Research Topics in Humanities Studies,＂ sponsored by the Center for Humanities Research, National Science Council in 2005. This report is a statistical analysis according to the sampling from 137 published articles in eleven issues (No. 64 [May 2001] ~ No. 74 [May 2006]) of Nihon Kindai Bungaku (Modern JapaneseLiterature), the most representative, professional journal and official mouthpiece of the ＂Association for Modern Japanese Literary Studies.＂ The purpose of this investigation is to closely grasp the current status and trend of development in Japanese literature research. Also, hopefully it will supply the domestic academic researchers with a clear and appropriate direction in their research works. As the conclusion is concerned, the current topics in Japanese modern literature are still focused on period and culture studies concerning trans-textual or trans-writerly strategies. These geographically confined nationalistic discourses aim at approaching and engaging more issues related to studies on media culture. We hope to offer references not only to the field of Japanese modern and current literatures, but also to the field of all relevant foreign literatures.

Abstract: As one of the important components of agricultural aviation industry in China, plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been developed rapidly in recent years. In order to understand the current development status and limitations of plant protection UAV and its spraying technologies in China, the Department of Agricultural Mechanization Management of the Ministry of Agriculture commissioned South China Agricultural University to perform a survey and generate a report on Analysis of the Development Situation and Policy Suggestion for Agricultural Plant Protection UAV in China in 2016. Based on this report, this paper performed statistical analyses on the development and application of plant protection UAV in China. First, the geographical distribution of operating plant protection UAVs in China was discussed. Second, the current status of spraying technologies for plant protection UAVs were reviewed. Key components in aerial spraying, including the effects of operating parameter of aerial spraying, aerial applied pesticide effect detection, and the promotion and application of aerial spraying technology. Last, future perspectives of spraying technology for plant protection UAV was discussed. This paper may inspire the innovation of precision agricultural aviation technology, the basic theory development of pesticide spraying technology, multi-aircraft cooperative technology and other supporting technologies for UAV-based aerial spraying for scientific research and application by research institutions and enterprises in China. Keywords: plant protection UAV, aerial spraying, application, spraying technology DOI: 10.33440/j.ijpaa.20180101.0002 Citation: Lan Y B, Chen S D.  Current status and trends of plant protection UAV and its spraying technology in China.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2018; 1(1): 1–9.

This study develops a framework for personalized learning path planning that incorporates individual students’ learning behaviors, current learner status, and mastery of knowledge points with varying degrees of difficulty. Utilizing a big data-driven model, the framework calculates the difficulty of each knowledge point specifically tailored for individual students. Subsequently, it assesses the learners’ current status through an analysis of historical learning records, enabling the strategic planning of personalized educational trajectories. Finally, the correlation analysis and independence test were used to compare the differences in students’ academic performance, learning confidence, and learning needs between personalized learning and traditional learning modes. After using the personalized learning model, the student achievement outcome data showed F(1, 145) = 41.805, p = 0.013, η 2 = 0.213. There was a significant difference in the personalized learning model on the students’ student confidence, F(1, 120) = 7.364, p = 0.021, η 2 = 0.007. The customized learning pathway designed in this paper can promote the achievement of personalized learning goals for students.