Abstract

Indonesia is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots. It is estimated to be the home of 9.5% flowering plant species, making it the seventh country with the highest biodiversity. Plant data collection is necessary to ascertain the level of plant biodiversity, as such data help in conservation efforts and long-term management. One of the methods applied is the collection of plants, with the purpose to acquire as much data about its biological resources. The collected specimen are then gathered and processed into a herbarium to be used as an information source in managing biological resources. Unfortunately, there are some difficulties related to the making and management of a herbarium. Digital herbarium are one of the potential solutions to the limitations of the traditional herbarium. It is a collection of plant pictures, replete with every step of productivity (leaf, flower, fruit) and the main characteristics of the plant species. It is an effective method for the identification and collection of plant biodiversity in Indonesia. About 2149 plants have been gathered from Borneo, Seram, Waigeo, Flores and Sulawesi which consisted of 152 family, 512 genus, and 1,832 species, with a total of 30391 pictures of plant parts. From the experiment conducted on 672 specimens, it achieved 98.8 % accuracy on the family level and 80.1 % accuracy on the genus level, while the species level reached 78.8%. The results showed that digital herbarium can be used to conduct identification and data collection of plant biodiversity. Furthermore, this method is simple, cheap and relatively easier to conduct. The output is a catalog of plant species in specific areas, which provides better understanding about plant identification and biodiversity, enhances conservation practices, and provides better long-term protection for Indonesian plant biodiversity.

Highlights

  • Indonesia is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots

  • During a project to document plant biodiversity across Indonesia, 2149 physical collections of plants were gathered from Borneo, Seram, Waigeo, Flores and Sulawesi which consisted of 152 family, 512 genus, and 1832 species

  • From a total of 1012 specimens, the identification of a subset of 672 specimens were conducted. It was successful for 98.8% of specimens at a family level, 80.1% at genus level, and 78.8% at species level

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Summary

Introduction

Indonesia is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots. The country has 24632 kinds of flowering plants or 9.50% of the total species worldwide (Retnowati et al, 2019) making it the seventh country with the highest biodiversity. The total size of Indonesia only amounts to 1.3% of earth size, but contains a high variety of biodiversity (Kusmana & Hikmat, 2015). One of the things which can be done to support this knowledge is species data collection, and plays an important role in identifying the level of biodiversity in Indonesia. The data collection for plants is applied in the field through plant collection. This collection of herbarium specimens constitute the main part of the activities of biology experts in the past and as Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 204 well as the present (Flannery, 2013). Herbarium specimens have become a very important comparison material in the study of biodiversity

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