The Digital Change Detection for Low Resolution Satellite Images in Weathering Estimation

Abstract

The detection and estimation of weathering conditions have become a very important daily necessity in our life. For this purpose, several satellites of low resolution imagery were launched by the weathering and environmental agencies. The important weather paremeters are temperuter, wind direction, velocity, clould and humidity, etc. The low resolution images often deal with large-scale phenomena and the interpretation and projection of the produced data requires continuous development of tools and criteria. In this paper, the low spatial resolution data generated by the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) were used to monitor the cloud density and direction above Iraq and its neighboring countries for the period from 14-12-2021 to 23-12-2021. The MODIS reflectance and surface temperature (HDF format) data were used and processed to achieve the purpose of this research. The reflectance data were projected according to a sinusoidal system due to the presence of three Earth zones distributions (37, 38, and 39, N). The cloud density was estimated from the digital values and the wind direction was estimated from the bands animation. The direction of wind for the cloudy condition was from the North-East. The digital data processing included data preparation and selection, georeference (adding a projection system), features extraction, and displaying the final results. All data were evaluated using ENVI (Environment for Visualizing Images, ver. 4.5.)