Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a very common endocrinopathy in the clinical routine of small animals. Such disease, according to its cause, can be classified as type I or type II, the latter being the most frequent found in felines. The main clinical signs in cats may include polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, anorexia, lethargy, dry and dull fur, and poor hygiene of hair. Diagnosis is challenging and requires a series of tests to confirm and start treatment. To be successful in the treatment and to achieve possible remission of the condition, an individualized therapeutic plan should be made for each animal, whose main objective is the control of blood glucose, especially through insulin therapy and correction of the patient's diet, which is the theme. main part of this review.
Highlights
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a very common endocrinopathy in the clinical routine of small animals
frequent found in felines
an individualized therapeutic plan should be made for each animal
Summary
Se a hiperglicemia por estresse for descartada, o paciente pode ser classificado como risco para o desenvolvimento da DM. O tratamento baseia-se na aplicação de insulina e modificação da dieta, com o objeito de controlar o BG baixo por 24 horas, o qual melhora os sinais clínicos e evita complicações comcomitantes. O tratamento inicial realizado é a insulinoterapia com glargina ou protamina-zinco insulina (1-2 unidades/gato/12horas). Glargina – possui ação mais longo, sendo considerada a insulina de eleição para gatos com DM; 3. É preconizada a administração da insulina duas vezes ao dia (BID) por diminuir os riscos de picos hipoglicêmicos, apesar de haver felinos que não possuem tal necessidade (Rand & Marshall, 2005). Uma explicação para isso é que os gatos com diabetes associada à administração de corticosteróides apresentaram um aparecimento de sinais clínicos e puderam ser diagnosticado mais rapidamente. Utiliza-se o equilíbrio de 0,5 U/kg a cada 12 horas
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