Abstract
BackgroundHealth professionals have expressed unmet needs, including lacking the skills, confidence, training, and resources needed to properly attend to the psychological needs of people with diabetes.ObjectiveInformed by needs assessments, this study aimed to develop practical, evidence-based resources to support health professionals to address the emotional needs of adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe developed a new handbook and toolkit informed by formative evaluation, including literature reviews, stakeholder consultation and review, and a qualitative study. In the qualitative study, health professionals participated in interviews after reading sections of the handbook and toolkit.ResultsThe literature review uncovered that psychological problems are common among adults with diabetes, but health professionals lack resources to provide related support. We planned and drafted resources to fill this unmet need, guided by stakeholder consultation and an Expert Reference Group (ERG). Before finalizing the resources, we implemented feedback received from stakeholders (ERG, health professionals, academics, and people with diabetes). The resulting resources were the practical, evidence-based Diabetes and Emotional Health handbook and toolkit. A total of 19 health professionals took part in the qualitative study about the handbook and toolkit. They viewed the resources favorably, felt empowered to support people with diabetes experiencing psychological problems, and felt motivated to share the resources with others. Some gave examples of how they had used the handbook in clinical practice. A perceived highlight was the inclusion of a process model outlining 7 steps for identifying and supporting people with emotional problems: the 7 A’s model. With funding from the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS), more than 2400 copies of Diabetes and Emotional Health have been distributed. It is freely available on the Web. The NDSS is an initiative of the Australian Government administered with the assistance of Diabetes Australia.ConclusionsThe new evidence-based resources are perceived by stakeholders as effective aids to assist health professionals in providing emotional support to adults with diabetes. The 7 A’s model may have clinical utility for routine monitoring of other psychological and health-related problems, as part of person-centered clinical care.
Highlights
Diabetes is the fastest growing chronic health condition in Australia, with up to 280 new cases per day
The results provide a national ‘snapshot’ of the quality of life, psychosocial well-being and self-care behaviours of Australians living with type 1 or type 2 diabetes
Best estimates suggest that the total number of Australians with diabetes is likely closer to 1.7 million people
Summary
Diabetes is the fastest growing chronic health condition in Australia, with up to 280 new cases per day. It has been termed ‘the epidemic of the 21st century’, and is regarded as Australia’s biggest health challenge.[1]. Conservative estimates suggest that approximately 1 in 20 Australian adults have diabetes.[4] This includes the 1.2 million cases that are known and registered with the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS),[5] as well as an estimated 500,000 additional cases that remain undiagnosed or silent. Best estimates suggest that the total number of Australians with diabetes is likely closer to 1.7 million people. If diabetes continues to grow at the current rate, it is estimated that over 3 million Australians over the age of 25 will have diabetes by the year 2025.6
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