The Design and Implementation of XiaoIce, an Empathetic Social Chatbot

Conversational systems have come a long way since their inception in the 1960s. After decades of research and development, we have seen progress from Eliza and Parry in the 1960s and 1970s, to task-completion systems as in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) communicator program in the 2000s, to intelligent personal assistants such as Siri, in the 2010s, to today’s social chatbots like XiaoIce. Social chatbots’ appeal lies not only in their ability to respond to users’ diverse requests, but also in being able to establish an emotional connection with users. The latter is done by satisfying users’ need for communication, affection, as well as social belonging. To further the advancement and adoption of social chatbots, their design must focus on user engagement and take both intellectual quotient (IQ) and emotional quotient (EQ) into account. Users should want to engage with a social chatbot; as such, we define the success metric for social chatbots as conversation-turns per session (CPS). Using XiaoIce as an illustrative example, we discuss key technologies in building social chatbots from core chat to visual awareness to skills. We also show how XiaoIce can dynamically recognize emotion and engage the user throughout long conversations with appropriate interpersonal responses. As we become the first generation of humans ever living with artificial intelligenc (AI), we have a responsibility to design social chatbots to be both useful and empathetic, so they will become ubiquitous and help society as a whole.

This paper aims to investigate the effect of IQ (intelligence quotient) EQ (emotional quotient) and SQ (spiritual quotient) on employee performance in government sector of Pakistan This study adopted Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI) by D. King., Emotional quotient scale by Reuven Bar-On, Intelligent quotient factor analysis by Adrian Furnham, Religion Personality Index (MRPI) by Azimi Hamzah and Measurements of performance by Sarmiento, Beale & Knowles (2007). The data was collected from ministry, administration and directorates of Pakistan. The study administered and received all the 347 completed set of questionnaires (259 employees of grade 1-13, 72 employees of grade 14-18 and 16 employees of grade 19- 22). SEM result of IQ, EQ and SQ shows that they have the significant and positive correlation with the performance of employees. SQ improves performance if the trainings regarding it are provided. Functions of Religion as a moderator in employee job performance. This research has extended knowledge in the workplace with SQ confirm that SQ is more important than the EQ and IQ in influencing the employee performance. The empirical findings of the study shows that organizations may formulate strategies and policies to improve performance of employees by encouraging and allowing the activities of spiritual quotient in the workplace, regardless of religion and spiritual beliefs, and thus facilitate the mutual understanding and respect. This is the only study that measured the impact of IQ, EQ and SQ on employee’s performance with religion as a moderator. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s2p553

In this paper, the relationship between the subjects' brain waves and the relative Emotional Quotient (EQ) and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) has been investigated. In this study, the intensity of correlation between the entropy of Alpha and Beta brain waves and the IQ and EQ has been evaluated over thirty healthy subjects (15 males, 15 females, and aged 21–25 year old) who participated in the experiments by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients. Each subject was asked to fill out a sixty-question questionnaire that was developed based on the Adult Raven IQ test in a 20-minute time slot. Simultaneously, the subject's EEG signals were recorded to extract Alpha and Beta sub-bands and their entropies over each 128msec time slots. It was found that the participants who have high EQ (over 110), had their entropy of Beta band increased significantly. In contrast, the subjects with the entropy of Alpha band in high IQ (over 120), decreased significantly.

This paper elaborates about the analyzing of Intelligent Quotient (IQ) and Emotional Quotient (EQ) of an engineering student based on Electroencephalogram (EEG) or brain signals using a computing tool such as MATLAB. The influence of individual’s IQ and EQ on the development of innovative thinking is significant. An IQ alone is not adequate to measure the success of a person. An EQ somehow is found to have a substantial correlation with individual’s performance which shows that both IQ and EQ are important in determining the character and manner of individual’s thinking skills. The main objective of this project is to analyze the output of EEG signals produced by an engineering student based on their IQ and EQ level. A comparison of which quotient influences the student’s thinking skill is also observed in this study. In this project, a single channel EEG amplifier is used to record the EEG signals from 6 different subjects with three different conditions: while not doing anything, during an IQ test and during an EQ test. The data is recorded using the EEG sensors with Unicorn Recorder software that is connected to the amplifier while recording is run. The result of the experiment also explained in terms of the mean value and standard deviation of the EEG bands for each subject and condition. The results of the study conclude that the IQ level of an individual is affected by the Beta band of the EEG signals. Meanwhile, Alpha band of the EEG signals is more dominant in the determination of EQ level of an individual. When Alpha band is higher than Beta band, it shows that the subject is dominant to an EQ dominant person. If Beta band is higher than Alpha band, then IQ is the dominant quotient for the subject. The highest k-NN classification accuracy is obtained at 80:20 classification with 81.84% accuracy using Mean features and 79.53% accuracy using Standard Deviaton features. This study also included the development of Graphical User Interface (GUI) in MATLAB. The GUI is used for the classification of the chosen EEG features. Theta, Alpha, and Beta power band are observed from the EEG signals to identify brain activity. In addition, IQ and EQ analyzer is constructed using Arduino microcontroller once the analysis of the EEG signals are done through GUI.

Intelligence quotient (IQ) has been widely used as a measure of an individual’s intellectual abilities. Emotional intelligence or emotional quotient (EQ) is equally important in defining excellent work performance. An increasing number of employers have started considering fresh graduates with high EQ because the job market is already full of academically competent candidates. With this motivation considered, this study aims to compare the EQ levels of four groups of undergraduate students in their first year of enrollment in their academic program and at the start of each succeeding academic year in the Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). The EQ scores of these students were also monitored until their graduation. The EQ levels were determined using the Malaysian EQ Inventory (MEQI) test developed by UKM researchers. A comparative study of EQ levels among five batches of students was conducted, starting from their first enrollment in their respective programs. One batch of students has completed the study, and their MEQI results indicated a slight reduction in the total EQ scores. However, two domains recorded improvement: social skills and maturity. Thus, tertiary education is not expected to change student EQ levels, completely because EQ level comprises cognitive and emotional qualities developed during primary and secondary years of education. Innovative strategies on effective teaching and learning activities should be identified to determine their positive influence on the development of EQ domains.

This article is to determine the effect of IQ (Intelligence Quotient) and EQ (Emotional Quotient) on the decision making of procurement officials/selection working groups in the process of procuring goods/services in Pangandaran district. Procurement of Government Goods/Services is the activity of procuring goods/services by Ministries/Institutions/Regional Apparatuses financed by the APBN/APBD whose process starts from identification of needs to the handover of the work. Human Resources in Government Goods/Services Procurement, namely Procurement Officers/Selection Working Groups who have the skills to determine providers who are able to work on work packages. This can be viewed in terms of IQ (Intelligence Quotient) and EQ (Emotional Quotient). This study aims to determine (1) The effect of IQ (Intelligence Quotient) on the Decision Making of Procurement Officials/Election Working Groups in the Government Procurement of Goods/Services. (2) The Influence of EQ (Emotional Quotient) on the Decision Making of Procurement Officials/Election Working Groups in the Government Procurement of Goods/Services. (3) The simultaneous influence of IQ (Intelligence Quotient) and EQ (Emotional Quotient) on the Decision Making of Procurement Officials/Election Working Groups in the Government Procurement of Goods/Services. The method used in this study is a quantitative method by analyzing the data from the questionnaire. The results of the study show that: (1) There is a positive and significant influence of IQ (Intelligence Quotient) on the Decision Making of Procurement Officials/Election Working Groups in the Government Procurement of Goods/Services. (2) There is a positive and significant influence of EQ (Emotional Quotient) on the Decision Making of Procurement Officials/Selection Working Groups in the Government Procurement of Goods/Services; (3) There is a positive and significant influence of IQ (Intelligence Quotient) and EQ (Emotional Quotient) simultaneously on the Decision Making of Procurement Officers/Election Working Groups in the Government Procurement of Goods/Services.

This research aimed to analyze the effect of emotional, intellectual and spiritual quotient upon lecturer’s performance in Jogjakarta private universities. Multiple regression analysis applied in the research. The result show that the lecturer’s performance significantly affected by emotional, intellectual and spiritual quotient, both simultaneously and partial. The spiritual quotient gives more contribution influence to lecturer’s performance than emotional quotient and intellectual quotient. According on the result, emotional, intellectual and spiritual quotient show very significantly influence to increase the lecturers performance .

<p style="text-align:justify">This research aims to analyze the effects of intelligence quotient, emotional quotient, spiritual quotient, and adversity quotient on the graduates quality of vocational higher education. Data were collected from 217 cadets at Surabaya Shipping Polytechnic who already took an internship as respondents using stratified cluster random technique. This is a correlational and quantitative study using a questionnaire developed from several existing scales and analyzed using Structural Equation Models (SEM) to determine the path of effects and to create the best structural model of intelligence-based graduates quality (IESA-Q). The results indicate that there are direct and indirect effects of intelligence quotient, emotional quotient, spiritual quotient, and adversity quotient on graduates quality, meaning that each quotient has a positive effect on graduate’s quality. The process to create the professional and ethical quality of Surabaya Shipping Polytechnic graduate is dominated by Emotional Quotient (25,2%) and Spiritual Quotient (21,4%), while Intelligence Quotient (IQ) becomes the support as it effects the development process of all quotients, Emotional Quotient (EQ), Spiritual Quotient (SQ), and also Adversity Quotient (AQ). Therefore, based on the findings of this study, the student acceptance requirements are emphasized on IQ and EQ as a basis to develop other quotients in order to generate graduates with good quality. Learning is designed on IQ, EQ, SQ, AQ to control and to evaluate process and product outcomes.</p>

Adolescence is the period from the beginning of sexual maturity (puberty) to the completion of physical growth, adolescence is also viewed as a period of “storm and stress’’. The present study focuses on the influence of emotional quotient, intellectual quotient and social competence on the psychological well-being of the adolescents. The current research is descriptive in nature and explorative research design was used to test the hypotheses. The tools used for data collection were Mangal Emotional Intelligence Inventory (MEII) : Emotional Intelligence Inventory has been designed by Mangal and Mangal (2004) , Raven’s Progressive Matrices (J.C Raven 1956) , Social Competence scale by by Child Trends for the Templeton Foundation, as part of the Flourishing Children Project (Stephen J. Blumberg et al (2008) , Psychological Well – Being Scale (Carol Ryff 1989) Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to find the association among the variables EQ, IQ, SC and PWB. The data was analyzed using “t” test to find the differences in EQ, IQ, SC and PWB based on gender, family type. To find the differences with regard to family income the data was subjected to ANOVA. Regression analysis was used to find the predictors of psychological well-being. The findings revealed that there is a positive association among the variables, Emotional Quotient (EQ), Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and Psychological Well-being (PWB). Male and female adolescent students differ on Psychological well-being and not with respect to EQ, IQ and SC. There was a difference observed in EQ and IQ based on family income. There was a difference observed on SC & PWB with respect to family type. EQ and IQ predicted psychological well-being of higher secondary school students.

Purpose – This paper investigates how intellectual quotient (IQ), emotional quotient (EQ), and spiritual quotient (SQ) influence workplace behaviors and outcomes. Historically research concentrated on IQ, but now recognizes intelligence as multidimensional. Beyond IQ, EQ involves emotional skills, while SQ relates to finding meaning.Methodology/approach – The systematic review follows PRISMA guidelines. Multiple databases were searched for relevant studies published between 2021-2022. Studies were screened based on predefined eligibility criteria. Data was extracted using a standardized form and analyzed through a narrative synthesis approach focused on patterns regarding the comparative and combined effects of IQ, EQ and SQ on work factors.Findings – IQ strongly predicted technical proficiency but had limits in interpersonal contexts. EQ uniquely improved leadership, teamwork, stress management, and customer service. SQ enhanced motivation, ethics, resilience, and well-being. Combined, IQ, EQ, and SQ synergistically optimized achievement, conduct, adaptation, and satisfaction across diverse occupational roles.Novelty/value – This review provides a comprehensive, up-to-date synthesis of empirical evidence demonstrating the multidimensional impacts of IQ, EQ, and SQ on workplace effectiveness. The insights can guide employee selection, training, and management practices focused on cultivating intellectual, emotional, and spiritual competencies in balance

This paper discusses new teaching model of combining intelligence quotient (IQ) with emotional quotient(EQ)and its role in medical education.All students are classified two groups:new teaching model group and common teaching model group,and then test and compare with students'remark of EQ and IQ.The result indicates there are significant difference about remark between new teaching model group and corfunon teaching model group(P<0.05).So EQ is close related with IQ,The teaching model should be transformed in higher medical college.We should focus Oil EQ teaching base on teaching of professional knowledge and skills.Thiskind ofteachingmodelis really suitableforthe need of culturing excellent students in our country. Key words: Emotional quotient(EQ); Intelligence quotient(IQ); Medical student; Teaching model

BACKGROUND: Intellectual Quotients (IQ) is the ability to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal effectively with the environment. Emotional Quotients (EQ) includes empathy, expressing and understanding, feeling, controlling anger, independence, adaptability, liking, interpersonal problem-solving ability, perseverance, solidarity, friendliness, and respect; important for a person's success. Acupuncture therapy with Zhu Scalp and body acupuncture methods can be used to increase IQ and EQ in children. AIM: This study was to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy with Zhu Scalp acupuncture and body acupuncture methods on the IQ and EQ of pre-school children. METHODS: The research method is a quantitative pre and post-test design with cross-sectional control with a paired T-test. The research sample was pre-school children in Sukoharjo district with a total of 54 respondents. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire for respondent characteristics, IQ test, and EQ measurement using VSMS (Vineland Social Maturity Scale). RESULTS: The research results showed chitosan 5%; a combination of chitosan 9% and snail seromucous 50% (ratio 1: 1) is a microbicide against MTB TB patient isolates. Snail seromucous was ineffective as a microbicide against MTB tuberculosis patients. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the IQ and EQ levels of children before and after acupuncture therapy using the Zhu Scalp method and body acupuncture with a p-value of 0.000. The results of the N Gain test showed that there are differences in the effectiveness of the Zhu Scalp acupuncture and the body acupuncture method on increasing IQ and EQ in pre-school children. CONCLUSION: The Zhu Scalp acupuncture method is more effective than the body acupuncture method to increase IQ and EQ of pre-school age children, which can be applied in the management of acupuncture therapy to improve child development.

This research discusses IQ (Intelligence Quotient), EQ (Emotional Quotient), and SQ (Spiritual Quotient), it sounds like a new term, but it is not. IQ, EQ and SQ, in fact, are just new concepts presented by cutting-edge psychologists, against the various potentials of intelligence possessed by humans. Man from his birth has had the potentials of intelligence given by God. These intelligences grow and develop along with the development of human experience. The focus of this study is how does IQ (intelligence quotient), EQ (emotional quotient), and SQ (spiritual quotient) function? and how the Qur'anic revelation views the intelligences in man?. The method used in this research is a type of literature research with a historical approach. The result of this study is According to the revelation of the Koran, human beings have various psychological potentials and these potentials determine human qualities. These potentials are ruh, aql, qalb, and nafs. By modern findings these potentials are then translated into IQ, EQ, and SQ. These potentials allow humans to become kamil people and or become ignorant people

In the modern collaborative workplace, success is no longer based solely on intellectual ability, but rather on a combination of both intellectual and emotional capabilities. The primary objective of this study was to examine the impact of Emotional Quotient (EQ) and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) on employee job performance within an industry in Housr. A descriptive research design was employed for this study. Primary data was gathered from both executive and non-executive employees in the industrial sector using a simple random sampling technique. The research utilized a structured questionnaire based on Daniel Goleman’s dimensions of EQ and the Wechsler Adult Performance Intelligence Scale (WAPIS). Specifically, the study examined Personal Competence, Social Competence (EQ), Verbal Intelligence, Fluid Reasoning, and Cognitive Efficiency (IQ), alongside Core Task Performance, Organizational Contribution, and Work Commitment (Job Performance). The results indicated that nearly half of the employees possessed high levels of EQ (48.3%) and IQ (46.7%), with exactly half demonstrating high levels of job performance effectiveness (50%). Statistical tests revealed no significant differences in performance based on gender, job level, education, or domicile. However, a significant difference in Social Competence was found based on employee category. Additionally, age showed a significant positive correlation with Core Job and Task Performance. The study concluded that while EQ and IQ are significant contributors to performance, demographic factors such as gender and education do not result in performance variations. Therefore, it is vital for organizations to focus on role-based training. Enhancing social competence helps reduce employee stress, anxiety, and loneliness, ultimately fostering a healthier organizational environment.

The purposes of this research are: (1) to know the relation and contribution between intelligence quotient (IQ) and basketball skills. (2) To know the relation and contribution between emotional quotient (EQ) with basketball skills. (3) To know the relation and contribution between motivation and basketball skills. (4) To know the relation and contribution between intelligence quotient (IQ), emotional intelligence (EQ), motivation and basketball skills. The method of the research used was correlation method. The population in this research was the entire students who participated in the basketball extracurricular activities SMA 2 Bae Kudus Indonesia. Samples being used were 50 students collected using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis used were correlation analysis, regression analysis and determination analysis test (R 2 test). The conclusions of this research were: (1) there were positive and significant relation between intelligence quotient (IQ) with basketball skills and it contributed as much as 44.6%. It was shown by the correlation (r) of 0.698, p.value of 0.000. (2) there were positive and significant relation between emotional quotient (EQ) with basketball skills and it contributed as much as 48.7%. It was shown by the correlation (r) of 0.668, p.value of 0.000. (3) There were positive and significant relation between motivation with basketball skills and it contributed as much as 37.9%. It was shown by the correlation (r) of 0.616, p.value of 0.000. (4) There were positive and significant relation between intelligence quotient (IQ), emotional quotient (EQ), motivation and basketball skills as well as contributed as much as 72.6%. It was shown by the correlation (r) of 0,852, p.value of 0.000. Article visualizations: