The current situation of anthrax in the territory of the Russian Federation in the Astrakhan region

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In the modern territory of the Russian Federation, anthrax has always been included in the list of the most particularly dangerous infectious diseases. With minimal capabilities of the control services, significant deaths of farm animals and cases of mass human disease from this pathology were recorded annually. The main reason was the failure to comply with the basic rules for the disposal of corpses of animals killed by anthrax due to low literacy and lack of financial opportunities for their high-quality burial and disposal, which led to contamination of the soil of a significant part of the modern territory of the Russian Federation with the causative agent of anthrax. When disposing of fallen cattle and other animals, the formation of a cattle burial ground was envisaged. More often, in reality, "pestilence fields" were obtained, where the remains of dead cattle were on the open surface. It was only in the 50s that the transition to ash burials of cattle was carried out. The current state of accounting for stationary unfavorable points (SNP) and anthrax burials (SYAZ), combined with a decrease in control by the veterinary service, leads to the incidence of anthrax in animals and humans, but it is mainly sporadic in the form of outbreaks of anthrax. In the Russian Federation, such accounting of the unfavorable nosoareal of anthrax is carried out at all levels of supervision, and the necessary information is collected in the form of reference materials, which allows for differentiated planning of preventive measures in different territories. The inventory of permanently disadvantaged anthrax sites in the Russian Federation has ceased to meet existing needs. Modern electronic databases of geographic information systems contribute to the establishment of general patterns of territorial distribution in the Russian Federation and the reasons contributing to the preservation of the activity of the SNP. This allows for the analysis of information, to make the most accurate reviews and forecasts of the development of the epizooological and epidemiological situation.